Predicting Children's Response to an Invasive Medical Investigation: The Influence of Effortful Control and Parent Behavior

Salmon, Karen; Pereira, John

doi:10.1093/jpepsy/27.3.227

Cited by 68 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Other parents, in their attempts to manage their child's (and perhaps their own) distress, inadvertently denied or minimized the child's experience with statements such as, "It's not so bad," or "It doesn't really hurt," which seemed to infuriate some children into more vigorous vocalizations of their plight and exacerbate their distress overall. This observation is consistent with other studies (eg, 5 ) that have found parental reassurance and other "distress-promoting" behaviors such as criticism, empathic comments, and apology to be among the strongest predictors of child distress during the procedure.…”

Section: Clinical Observations To Inform Research and Practicesupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The entire experience and the urethral catheterization in particular can be painful, frightening, embarrassing, and even traumatic. 5,6 In addition, because of the proximity of the urethra to other genital structures and perhaps because of concerns of future sexuality-associated memory, parents find this procedure particularly anxiety provoking. As a result, the procedure is often a difficult and stressful experience for parents and medical personnel as well.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hypnosis Reduces Distress and Duration of an Invasive Medical Procedure for Children

Butler¹,

Symons²,

Henderson

et al. 2005

Pediatrics

142

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ABSTRACT. Objective. Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) is a commonly performed radiologic procedure in children that can be both painful and frightening. Given the distress that some children experience during the VCUG and the need for children to be alert and cooperative during the procedure, finding a psychological intervention that helps children to manage anxiety, distress, and pain is clearly desirable. This study was designed to examine whether relaxation and analgesia facilitated with hypnosis could reduce distress and procedure time for children who undergo this procedure.Methods. Forty-four children who were scheduled for an upcoming VCUG were randomized to receive hypnosis (n ‫؍‬ 21) or routine care (n ‫؍‬ 23) while undergoing the procedure. The sample consisted of 29 (66%) girls and 15 (34%) boys with a mean age of 7.6 years (SD: 2.5; range: 4 -15 years). Ethnic/racial backgrounds were 72.7% white, 18.2% Asian, 4.5% Latino, 2.3% black, and 2.3% Filipino. The mean number of previous VCUGs was 2.95 (SD: 2.51; mode: 2; range: 1-15). Potential participants were identified through computerized hospital records of upcoming VCUGs. Parents were contacted by telephone and invited to participate if their child was eligible. To be eligible for the study, the child must have undergone at least 1 previous VCUG, been at least 4 years of age at that time, and experienced distress during that procedure, and both the child and the participating parent had to be English speaking. Each eligible child and parent met with the research assistant (RA) before the day of the scheduled procedure for an initial assessment. Children were queried regarding the degree of crying, fear, and pain that they had experienced during their most recent VCUG. Parents completed a series of parallel questions. Immediately after this assessment, those who were randomized to the hypnosis condition were given a 1-hour training session in self-hypnotic visual imagery by a trained therapist. Parents and children were instructed to practice using the imaginative self-hypnosis procedure several times a day in preparation for the upcoming procedure. The therapist was also present during the procedure to conduct similar exercises with the child. The majority (83%) of those who were randomized to the routine care control group chose to participate in a hospital-provided recreation therapy program (offered as part of routine care). The program includes demonstration of the procedure with dolls, relaxation and breath work training, and assistance during the procedure. On the day of the VCUG, the RA met the family at the clinic before the procedure, and both the child and the parent rated the child's present level of fearfulness. During the procedure, the RA recorded observational ratings of the child's emotional tone and behavior and timed the overall procedure and its phases. Immediately after the VCUG, the child was asked how much crying, fear, and pain he or she had experienced during the procedure; the parent rated the child's experience on the same ...

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Section: Clinical Observations To Inform Research and Practicesupporting

confidence: 92%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypnosis Reduces Distress and Duration of an Invasive Medical Procedure for Children

Butler¹,

Symons²,

Henderson

et al. 2005

Pediatrics

142

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This adds to discussions identified in earlier studies on restraint (Brenner et al, 2014; Kangasniemi et al, 2014; Kirwan & Coyne, 2016), where studies on distress and pain have found that what parents say and do clearly affect children’s ability to cope with the procedure (Salmon, 2006; Salmon & Pereira, 2002). McCarthy et al (2010) investigated factors affecting children’s responses to PVC and concluded that parental expectations of distress and distractive communication influenced the children’s level of distress.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Exploring perspectives on restraint during medical procedures in paediatric care: a qualitative interview study with nurses and physicians

Svendsen

Pedersen

Moen

et al. 2017

International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well

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The aim of this study was to explore nurses’ and physicians’ perspectives on and reasoning about the use of restraint during medical procedures on newly admitted preschoolers in somatic hospital care.We analysed qualitative data from individual interviews with a video recall session at the end with seven physicians and eight nurses. They had earlier participated in video recorded peripheral vein cannulations on preschool children. The data were collected between May 2012 and May 2013 at a paediatric hospital unit in Norway.The analysis resulted in three main themes: (1) disparate views on the concept of restraint and restraint use (2), ways to limit the use of physical restraint and its negative consequences, and (3) experience with the role of parents and their influence on restraint. Perspectives from both healthcare professions were represented in all the main themes and had many similarities.The results of this study may facilitate more informed and reflective discussions of restraint and contribute to higher awareness of restraint in clinical practice. Lack of guidance and scientific attention to restraint combined with conflicting interests and values among healthcare providers may result in insecurity, individual dogmatism, and a lack of shared discussions, language, and terminology.

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“…Self-regulation is associated with decreased fear, positive affect, and reduced frustration levels in young children 51,54 and with effective coping during medical procedures. 55 Further work on the interaction of child temperament and coping offers much promise for guiding the development of individualized preprocedure preparation interventions.…”

Section: Temperament and Coping Stylementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, parental criticism, anxiety, and excessive verbal reassurance can increase children's stress. 55,57,59,60 Interventions aimed at addressing parental concerns regarding children's hospitalizations have been effective in decreasing parental anxiety and enhancing child behavioral outcomes. 8,50 Active parental participation in the preprocedure process also enhances the efficacy of a variety of preprocedure preparation methods, including preprocedure class, peermodeling videotapes, or brief explanations by nurses.…”

Section: Role Of Parentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for Preparing Children and Adolescents for Invasive Cardiac Procedures

Leroy¹,

Elixson²,

O′Brien³

et al. 2003

Circulation

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Predicting Children's Response to an Invasive Medical Investigation: The Influence of Effortful Control and Parent Behavior

Cited by 68 publications

References 19 publications

Hypnosis Reduces Distress and Duration of an Invasive Medical Procedure for Children

Hypnosis Reduces Distress and Duration of an Invasive Medical Procedure for Children

Exploring perspectives on restraint during medical procedures in paediatric care: a qualitative interview study with nurses and physicians

Recommendations for Preparing Children and Adolescents for Invasive Cardiac Procedures

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