Predicting chemical species in spark-ignition engines

Selamet, Emel; Selamet, Ahmet; Novak, J. M.

doi:10.1016/j.energy.2003.10.006

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Chen and Milovanovic (2002) analyzed the effects of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on a homogeneous charged compression ignition (HCCI) engine fuelled with natural gas. Selamet et al (2004) studied the unsteady motion of chemical species including exhaust emissions in the intake and exhaust ducts of a spark ignition engine using a finite-difference-based simulation code. A multidimensional modeling of the formation of NO in a directinjection natural gas engine (modified from a diesel engine with an auto-ignition system) was performed by Agarwal and Assanis (2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission analysis of a compressed natural gas directinjection engine with a homogenous mixture

Abdullah

Kurniawan

Khamas

et al. 2011

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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In an era in which environmental pollution and depletion of world oil reserves are of major concern, emissions produced by automotive vehicles need to be controlled and reduced. An ideal solution is to switch to a cleaner fuel such as natural gas, which generates cleaner emissions. In addition, control over the in-cylinder air-fuel mixture can be best achieved through a direct-injection mechanism, which can further improve combustion efficiency. This need for cleaner automobiles provides the motivation for this paper's examination of the use of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations to analyze the concentrations of the exhaust gases produced by a compressed natural gas engine with a direct-fuel-injection system. In this work, a compressed natural gas direct-injection engine has been designed and developed through a numerical simulation using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to provide an insight into complex in-cylinder behavior. The emissions analyzed in this study were carbon monoxide (CO), nitric oxide (NO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), i.e. the main pollutants produced by natural gas combustion. Based on a stoichiometric mixture, the concentrations of CO and NO were computed using the dissociation of carbon dioxide and the extended Zeldovich mechanism. CO 2 was calculated using a mass balance of the species involved in the combustion process. The simulation results were then compared with the experimental data generated by a single-cylinder research engine test rig. A good agreement was obtained with the experimental data for the engine speeds considered for all emissions concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emission analysis of a compressed natural gas directinjection engine with a homogenous mixture

Abdullah

Kurniawan

Khamas

et al. 2011

Int.J Automot. Technol.

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“…Knocking depends on the temperature, the system's pressure, and the fuel's physicochemical characteristics [9]. At very low pressures, the system is outside the knock region and the mixture reacts mildly [4,[14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion time of the oxygenated and non-oxygenated fuels in an Otto cycle engine

Mello

Wildner

Andrade

et al. 2013

J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng.

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Speed flame propagation in Otto cycle engines is one of the principal characteristics of fuel and is fundamental in defining the ignition advance. The greater the propagation speed the less the negative work required to compress the mixture before the piston reaches the top dead center and the higher the cycle's efficiency. This paper presents experimental results of time measurements of the fuel's ignition and the maximum pressure rating in the combustion chamber of a Cooperative Fuel Research engine specially instrumented. The combustion duration measurements of oxygenated and non-oxygenated fuels were taken as a function of the compression ratio (8:1, 10:1 and 12:1) and lambda (k). The speed flame propagation in the combustion chamber is significantly changed with the change of the lambda different compression ratios. The VNG has a maximum in the speed flame propagation in the stoichiometric region (k = 1.0) in all compression rates in this study. Similar behavior occurs with ethanol and gasohol, but only in compression ratio 12:1. Ethanol and gasohol have the higher rate of flame propagation for all compression ratios measured as compared to the nonoxygenated (isooctane) and oxygenated fuels (MTBE and TAEE).

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Comparison of performance of a Greener direct-injection stratified-charge (DISC) engine with a spark-ignition engine using a simplified model

Najjar

2011

Energy

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Predicting chemical species in spark-ignition engines

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Emission analysis of a compressed natural gas directinjection engine with a homogenous mixture

Emission analysis of a compressed natural gas directinjection engine with a homogenous mixture

Combustion time of the oxygenated and non-oxygenated fuels in an Otto cycle engine

Comparison of performance of a Greener direct-injection stratified-charge (DISC) engine with a spark-ignition engine using a simplified model

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