Predicting acute and chronic effects of wood preservative products in <i>daphnia magna</i> and <i>pseudokirchneriella subcapitata</i> based on the concept of concentration addition

Coors, Anja; Weisbrod, Barbara; Schoknecht, Ute; Sacher, Frank; Kehrer, Anja

doi:10.1002/etc.2431

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This observation agrees with other workers, which showed that the loss of triazoles (like propiconazole) through evaporation and leaching is similar every week until stabilization (Woo 2010; Kukowski et al 2017;Kukowski et al 2018Kukowski et al , 2019. Coors et al (2014) also found that PBC, a degradation product of IPBC, leaches much faster than propiconazole. Kjellow et al (2010) found that propiconazole passing through a chromatographic column of sawdust had greater retention than IPBC, which indicates stronger interactions with wood materials.…”

Section: E Wssupporting

confidence: 92%

Characterization of the diffusion of organic fungicides with amine oxides in white pine and white spruce

Pepin

Blanchet

Landry

2019

BioRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wood products, especially those used in outdoor conditions, can be damaged by dimensional changes and decay fungi. It is therefore advised to use impregnation treatments to mitigate these hazards. While the potency of the chemicals employed in the treatments is important, characterization of the treatments is also crucial to ensure deep and durable protection. In this study, eastern white pine (Pinus strobus L.) and white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were impregnated with propiconazole and 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC) through diffusion. Instead of using pressure treatments, the samples were dipped in solutions containing amine oxides, which can diffuse into the wood. The treatments were characterized by the mass of fungicide impregnated, fungicide leaching, and the impregnation depths of both the fungicides and the amine oxides. It was found that the treatment impregnated slightly more than 0.040 kg/m3 of both fungicides, meeting EU standards. It was also shown that the presence of amine oxides slightly prevented the leaching of the fungicides in white pine. The penetration of the amine oxides was several millimeters deep in all directions, but the penetrations of the fungicides were much shorter and only longitudinal.

show abstract

Section: E Wssupporting

confidence: 92%

Characterization of the diffusion of organic fungicides with amine oxides in white pine and white spruce

Pepin

Blanchet

Landry

2019

BioRes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Only water-based products were selected for experimental testing to reduce any potential interference of organic solvents with the findings regarding compliance with mixture toxicity expectation. Such interference might result from toxicokinetic (synergistic) interactions as pointed out in [ 4 , 36 ]. Overall, the selected products represented different situations in terms of availability of aquatic toxicity data and the number of additives assigned to the different categories (Table 3 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental risk assessment of biocidal products: identification of relevant components and reliability of a component-based mixture assessment

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundBiocidal products are mixtures of one or more active substances (a.s.) and a broad range of formulation additives. There is regulatory guidance currently under development that will specify how the combined effects of the a.s. and any relevant formulation additives shall be considered in the environmental risk assessment of biocidal products. The default option is a component-based approach (CBA) by which the toxicity of the product is predicted from the toxicity of ‘relevant’ components using concentration addition. Hence, unequivocal and practicable criteria are required for identifying the ‘relevant’ components to ensure protectiveness of the CBA, while avoiding unnecessary workload resulting from including by default components that do not significantly contribute to the product toxicity. The present study evaluated a set of different criteria for identifying ‘relevant’ components using confidential information on the composition of 21 wood preservative products. Theoretical approaches were complemented by experimentally testing the aquatic toxicity of seven selected products.ResultsFor three of the seven tested products, the toxicity was underestimated for the most sensitive endpoint (green algae) by more than factor 2 if only the a.s. were considered in the CBA. This illustrated the necessity of including at least some additives along with the a.s. Considering additives that were deemed ‘relevant’ by the tentatively established criteria reduced the underestimation of toxicity for two of the three products. A lack of data for one specific additive was identified as the most likely reason for the remaining toxicity underestimation of the third product. In three other products, toxicity was overestimated by more than factor 2, while prediction and observation fitted well for the seventh product. Considering all additives in the prediction increased only the degree of overestimation.ConclusionsSupported by theoretical calculations and experimental verifications, the present study developed criteria for the identification of CBA-relevant components in a biocidal product. These criteria are based on existing criteria stated in the regulation for classification, labelling and packaging of substances. The CBA was found sufficiently protective and reliable for the tested products when applying the here recommended criteria. The lack of available aquatic toxicity data for some of the identified relevant components was the main reason for underestimation of product toxicity.

show abstract

“…They used three wood preservations and tested effects on algal growth and Daphnia acute immobilization as well as reproduction. However, there remains uncertainty, the prediction based on the concentration-addition concept provided mostly reliable or at least protective estimates for the acute and chronic toxicity of the mixtures [32] .…”

Section: Additivity Of Binary Pesticide Mixturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixture Toxicities of Three Pesticides Having Different Time‐Toxicity Profiles

Liu

Wang

et al. 2014

Chin. J. Chem.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the environment, chemical pollutants always exist as mixtures. To evaluate mixture toxicity, we should examine the concentration ratios and the concentration levels of mixture components as well as the interactive time between the components and testing organism. Selecting three pesticides, metribuzin (MET), dodine (DOD) and ridomil (RID), as mixture components, Vibrio qinghaiensis sp.-Q67 as testing organism, and 96-well microplate as exposure experiment carrier, the luminescence inhibition toxicities of the pesticides and their binary mixtures at six exposure time points (0.25, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 h) were determined. The results showed that the three pesticides have different time-toxicity profiles. The toxicity of MET increases over time, and those of DOD and RID show a slight decrease or increase in the first 4 h, respectively, and then remain unchanged to 16 h. The toxicities of the binary mixtures consisting of the three pesticides depend on not only the mixture composition but also the exposure time. The time-toxicity profiles of all rays in MET-DOD mixture system are U-shaped curves, those in MET-RID system are basically monotonically increased and those in DOD-RID system are basically monotonically decreased. However, our findings indicate that for the test substances, mixture toxicity can be predicted by the extended concentration addition model.

show abstract

Predicting acute and chronic effects of wood preservative products in daphnia magna and pseudokirchneriella subcapitata based on the concept of concentration addition

Cited by 15 publications

References 16 publications

Characterization of the diffusion of organic fungicides with amine oxides in white pine and white spruce

Characterization of the diffusion of organic fungicides with amine oxides in white pine and white spruce

Environmental risk assessment of biocidal products: identification of relevant components and reliability of a component-based mixture assessment

Mixture Toxicities of Three Pesticides Having Different Time‐Toxicity Profiles

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About