Predicted cases of U.K. skin squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma in 2020 and 2025: horizon planning for National Health Service dermatology and dermatopathology

Goon, Peter; Greenberg, David; Igali, Laszlo; Levell, N. J.

doi:10.1111/bjd.15110

Cited by 21 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Due to high volume and multiplicity of KCs, they have frequently been excluded from national cancer registries and statistics. Previous studies have reported that incidence rates of KCs are increasing worldwide and evidence from local audits suggest that the rate of increase in the U.K. may be higher than in European counterparts . Increasing tumour incidence is presumed to be a result of an ageing population, increased ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure with easier access to travel abroad and a higher proportion of fairer skin types in the U.K. compared with other countries, but little is known about the epidemiology of KCs in the U.K.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of basal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the U.K. 2013–15: a cohort study

Nijsten²,

et al. 2019

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Summary Background Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), together known as keratinocyte cancers (KCs), are the commonest cancer in white ethnic populations. Recent improvements to registry data collection in England has allowed more accurate analysis of the epidemiology of BCC and cSCC and for the first time we are able to provide an accurate (representative) tumour burden for KC in the U.K. Objectives To estimate the incidence of BCC and cSCC in the U.K. Methods A cohort of patients with KCs between 2013 and 2015 were identified using linkage to diagnostic codes derived from pathology reports collected into the national cancer registry. Data from England's cancer registry were combined with data from Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales. European age‐standardized incidence rates (EASRs) of the first BCC and cSCC per patient per annum (PPPA) were calculated. Results In the U.K, the EASR of the first BCC and cSCC PPPA in 2013–15 were 285 and 77 per 100 000 person years, respectively (211 120 KCs total in 2015). The mean annual percentage increase was 5% between 2013 and 2015 for both BCC and cSCC. By counting the first KC PPPA, we include an additional 51% KCs compared with the previous reporting technique which counts only the first BCC and cSCC in a patient's lifetime, yet it represents a probable underestimation of 5–11% of the true tumour count. Conclusions Based on an improved methodology, a more representative incidence of KC is presented, which is essential to healthcare planning and will lead to improved understanding of the epidemiology of KC. What's already known about this topic? Keratinocyte cancers (KCs) are the most common cancers affecting white ethnic populations. The incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is increasing worldwide including the U.K., most commonly in elderly male Caucasian patients. These cancers are traditionally substantially underreported and frequently excluded from national cancer statistics. What does this study add? Using improved data collection methods in England and validated tumour‐reporting techniques, we report the most accurate BCC and cSCC incidence data for the U.K. ever published. Identifying the first BCC and cSCC per patient per annum, the incidence of BCC and cSCC in the U.K. (excluding Wales) was 285 and 77 per 100 000 person years, respectively, between 2013 and 2015, with more than 210 000 KCs in the U.K. in 2015.

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of basal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the U.K. 2013–15: a cohort study

Nijsten²,

et al. 2019

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“…BCCs have long had the reputation of being a slow growing and indolent tumour in humans, despite being the most frequent malignancy by far (1,2). This is due to the fact that directly attributable mortality to BCCs is extremely rare, and most developed countries do not even include this tumor in their cancer registries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, comparison of basal cell carcinoma growth rates with other common solid tumours confirmed that basal cell carcinomas are slow growing malignancies. B asal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are the most common malignant tumour in humans, especially among fair skinned humans in the developed world (1)(2)(3)(4). Indeed the prevalence rate of BCCs far surpasses all other malignancies (1-3) but since mortality from BCCs is very rare, it has long been considered more of an inconvenient nuisance, and most countries do not include them in their cancer registries.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analyses of Tumour Volume Doubling Times for Periocular and Non-periocular Head and Neck Basal Cell Carcinomas

Khoo¹,

Goon²,

Sudhoff³

et al. 2019

Acta Derm Venereol

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SIGNIFICANCEBasal cell carcinomas are very common skin tumours which are locally destructive. It was thought that basal cell carcinomas around the eyes grow faster than those elsewhere based on one previous paper. We demonstrate that there is no evidence for this and also calculate tumour growth rates to show the position of basal cell carcinomas in a growth rate figure, compared to more malignant tumours. Our new data can guide clinicians as to how much time there is avail able for removal or treatment before crucial parts of our anatomy could be affected.Basal cell carcinomas are the commonest solid malignancy in humans and thought to grow faster in the periocular region. We measured growth rates between periocular and non-periocular nodular basal cell carcinomas in the head and neck region from high-resolution digital photos and operative notes. The non-periocular basal cell carcinomas (head and neck) showed a mean tumour volume doubling time of 129.8 ± 21.74 (n = 79) days, and the periocular basal cell carcinoma a mean of 177.5 ± 37.21 (n = 47) days. The unpaired ttest with Welch correction showed that this difference was not significant (p = 0.2719). The mean tumour volume doubling time was 147.59 ± 37.75 days for head and neck basal cell carcinomas overall. For the first time, tumour volume doubling times for nodular basal cell carcinomas in the periocular versus non-periocular regions for the head and neck area were analysed, with no significant differences demonstrated. Further, comparison of basal cell carcinoma growth rates with other common solid tumours confirmed that basal cell carcinomas are slow growing malignancies.

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“…Referrals for potential skin cancer are a significant burden on health providers worldwide. In the U.K., cases of SCC and basal cell carcinoma continue to rise, and are predicted to increase further . Common treatments for AKs include topical photodynamic therapy (PDT), cryotherapy and topical creams/gels such as 5‐fluorouracil and imiquimod.…”

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confidence: 99%

Topical photodynamic therapy: the preferred choice for cutaneous field-cancerization?

Farrar

2017

Br J Dermatol

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Predicted cases of U.K. skin squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma in 2020 and 2025: horizon planning for National Health Service dermatology and dermatopathology

Cited by 21 publications

References 3 publications

Epidemiology of basal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the U.K. 2013–15: a cohort study

Epidemiology of basal and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in the U.K. 2013–15: a cohort study

Comparative Analyses of Tumour Volume Doubling Times for Periocular and Non-periocular Head and Neck Basal Cell Carcinomas

Topical photodynamic therapy: the preferred choice for cutaneous field-cancerization?

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