Predictability of the mixture toxicity of 12 similarly acting congeneric inhibitors of photosystem II in marine periphyton and epipsammon communities

Arrhenius, Åsa; Grönvall, Frederick; Scholze, Martin; Backhaus, Thomas; Blanck, Hans

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2004.04.002

Cited by 95 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…3c), where every mixture component was present in concentration well below the individual NOEL value, also clearly evidenced the contribution of each component to the whole toxicity. For all metals tested the EC1 point estimates gave values lower than the NOEL ( Table 2) according to that reported by other authors (Arrhenius et al 2004;Faust et al 2001Faust et al , 2003. The toxic effect of mixture at low concentrations (NOEL and EC1), were both mainly attributable to an interference with calcium metabolism, in fact mainly skeletal malformations were produced, with a trend corresponding to the concentration of mixture.…”

Section: Mixture Toxicitysupporting

confidence: 72%

“…Actually, NOEL values derived from standard toxicity test have been shown to ''represent reductions from the control response of between 10 and 30%'' (Moore and Caux 1997). Besides, different studies showed that both mixture of similarly (Arrhenius et al 2004;Backhaus et al 2000b) and dissimilarly acting chemicals could cause joint effects when present in mixture below or at NOEL values. EC1 mixture (Fig.…”

Section: Mixture Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 98%

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Cadmium, lead and their mixtures with copper: Paracentrotus lividus embryotoxicity assessment, prediction, and offspring quality evaluation

2010

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The aim of this research was to assess the combined effects of three heavy metals (copper, lead, cadmium) on the fertilization and offspring quality of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus at EC50, NOEL, and EC1 concentrations. The observed data were compared with the predictions derived from approaches of Concentration Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) in order to evaluate the proper prediction of the observed mixture toxic effect. The P. lividus embryotoxicity of trace metals decreases as follows: Cu > Pb > Cd at all toxicity concentration tested. EC50 mixture revealed less toxic only than Cu; EC50 was 0.80 (± 0.07) mg/l, the offspring malformations were mainly P1 type (skeletal alterations) up to 20% mixture concentration, and P2 type from 70% concentration. The NOEL and EC1 mixtures evidenced that all compounds contribute to the overall toxicity, even if present at low concentrations: the former EC50 was 0.532 (± 0.058) mg/l and the latter was 1.081 (± 0.240) mg/l. The developmental defects observed were mainly P1 type in both mixtures. Both CA and IA models did not accurately predict mixture toxicity for EC50 and NOEL mixtures. Instead, EC1 mixture effects seemed well represented by the IA model. The protective action of the CA model, although quite accurate when applied to simple biological systems like algae and bacteria, but failed to represent the worst-case in this study with more complex organisms. It would be useful to introduce in the models one or more factors that take into account the complexity of these biological systems.

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Section: Mixture Toxicitysupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Mixture Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Cadmium, lead and their mixtures with copper: Paracentrotus lividus embryotoxicity assessment, prediction, and offspring quality evaluation

2010

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“…Similar sensitivities were measured using 14 C uptake in benthic microalgae in temperate waters [82].…”

Section: Tlili Et Al (2011) [89]supporting

confidence: 53%

“…These facts make them ideal candidates for testing mixture models based on the chemical mode of action and understanding the physiological mechanisms behind possible interactions [85,90]. Mixture toxicity studies focused on single species [85,86], natural communities in laboratory experiments [3,82,91], or outdoor microcosms and mesocosms [83,[92][93][94] data. Many reviews and critical analysis have shown that synergistic interactions within pesticide mixtures and realistic low-dose chemical mixtures in species are a rather rare phenomenon, constituting very low percentages of the tested mixture combinations and often occurs at high concentrations [87,[95][96][97][98][99][100][101].…”

Section: Tlili Et Al (2011) [89]mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects on the Photosynthetic Activity of Algae after Exposure to Various Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: Review

Petsas¹,

Vagi²

2017

Chlorophyll

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Algal studies remain necessary for risk assessment and their utility in ecotoxicology is the evaluation of lethal and sub-lethal toxic effects of potential toxicants on inhabitants of several ecosystems. Effects on algal photosynthetic apparatus caused by various chemical species have been extensively studied. The present chapter summarizes the published data concerning the toxicity of various organic and inorganic pollutants such as oils, pesticides, antifoulants and metals on photosynthesis of aquatic primary producers. Biochemical mode of action resulting in the disruption of photosynthesis depends on the chemical's nature and the characteristics of the exposed microorganism. Observed differences in response and sensitivity by different species to the same toxicant were attributed to several algal characteristics including photosynthetic capacity, pigment type, cellular lipid and protein content, and cell size. Single species bioassays either for one chemical alone or in mixture have been well reported and tolerance of both marine and freshwater water-column phytoplaktonic species has been examined. Adequate published information on multispecies tests (communities) in laboratory and field studies exists. However, risk assessment on photosynthesis of microbenthic periphyton is inadequate, though it is essential especially for hydrophobic organic molecules. Further studies are required to evaluate the adverse effects of metabolites on aquatic microalgae.

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“…Two models have been suggested: The model of concentration addition (CA) and the model of independent action (IA) Greco et al 1995). These two models have been shown to predict the joint effect of mixtures well in many studies Faust et al 2003;Arrhenius et al 2004;Backhaus et al 2004). Concentration addition assumes that one compound acts as a dilution of the other.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Organophosphorous insecticides as herbicide synergists on the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the aquatic plant Lemna minor

2007

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Models proposed for risk assessment of chemical mixtures assume no interactions between the chemicals. There are, however, studies indicating that some organophosporous insecticides can inhibit the detoxification of other chemicals in plants thereby enhancing their effect. The present study investigates whether interactions between selected organophosporous insecticides and herbicides can take place in the aquatic algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the aquatic macrophyte Lemna minor. For both species binary mixtures of the organophosphate insecticides: malathion, endosulfan and chlorpyrifos were tested together with the herbicides metsulfuron-methyl, terbutylazine and bentazone. For mixtures with malathion on algae, dose-response surfaces were made and the results tested against the model of concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA). The Lemna minor tests showed no indication of synergy for any of the combinations, on the contrary, significant antagonism was found for several of the mixtures. The response surface analysis showed antagonism in relation to both concentration addition and independent action for mixtures between malathion and metsulfuron-methyl and terbuthylazine, while the mixtures with bentazone could be explained with CA. The study shows no indications of synergistic interactions between the tested pesticides, confirming the applicability of CA as a reference model predicting mixture effects of pesticides for aquatic plants and algae.

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Predictability of the mixture toxicity of 12 similarly acting congeneric inhibitors of photosystem II in marine periphyton and epipsammon communities

Cited by 95 publications

References 46 publications

Cadmium, lead and their mixtures with copper: Paracentrotus lividus embryotoxicity assessment, prediction, and offspring quality evaluation

Cadmium, lead and their mixtures with copper: Paracentrotus lividus embryotoxicity assessment, prediction, and offspring quality evaluation

Effects on the Photosynthetic Activity of Algae after Exposure to Various Organic and Inorganic Pollutants: Review

Organophosphorous insecticides as herbicide synergists on the green algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata and the aquatic plant Lemna minor

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