Predeployment, deployment, and postdeployment risk factors for posttraumatic stress symptomatology in female and male OEF/OIF veterans.

Vogt, Dawne; Smith, Brian N.; Elwy, A. Rani; Martin, James A.; Schultz, Mark; Drainoni, Mari-Lynn; Eisen, Susan V.

doi:10.1037/a0024457

Cited by 108 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…This study underscored the previous research findings related to military life, including significant differences in female sexual harassment, anxiety, and lack of social support in the military, as well as the prevalence of MST (Street, Vogt, & Dutra, 2009;Vogt, Smith, et al, 2011). The findings in this study expressed that MST was a traumatic event and implicated the military culture of female inferiority as the context of the violence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Being a Female Veteran: A Grounded Theory of Coping With Transitions

Burkhart

Hogan

2014

Social Work in Mental Health

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 61%

Being a Female Veteran: A Grounded Theory of Coping With Transitions

Burkhart

Hogan

2014

Social Work in Mental Health

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“…Low social support at homecoming, as well as low current social support, are risk factors for veterans (Schnurr et al, 2004). The presence of relationship concerns during deployment is also an additional risk factor (Vogt et al, 2011). Vogt et al (2011) suggested that relationship concerns may influence the risk of PTSD through their influence the perceived threat of combat experiences.…”

Section: Additional Sociodemographic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vogt et al (2011) suggested that relationship concerns may influence the risk of PTSD through their influence the perceived threat of combat experiences. Furthermore, Vogt et al (2011) found that concerns about family disruptions during deployment are strong predictors of low social support post-deployment.…”

Section: Additional Sociodemographic Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Cognitive Processing Therapy and Prolonged Exposure in the Department of Veterans Affairs

et al. 2017

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Multiple randomized clinical trials have shown that cognitive processing therapy (CPT) and prolonged exposure (PE) are evidence-based treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, additional research should verify the effectiveness of CPT and PE in conditions more reflective of clinical practice. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of CPT and PE at reducing veterans' self-reported PTSD symptoms as measured by total scores on the PTSD Checklist (PCL). This study involved a retrospective review of 2,030 charts. 750 veterans from 10 U.S. states who received CPT or PE in individual psychotherapy from the Veterans Health Administration were included in the study (N participants in CPT = 376; N participants in PE = 374). The study used multilevel modeling to evaluate the absolute and relative effectiveness of both treatments and to determine the relationship between patient-level factors and total PCL scores during treatment. Results showed that both CPT and PE were equally effective at reducing total PCL scores, but that the effectiveness of both therapies was reduced when compared to results obtained in randomized clinical trials. Patients who completed therapy reported significantly larger reductions on the PCL than patients who did not complete therapy. On average, patients who did not complete a full course of therapy reported little to no improvement on the PCL. Encouragingly, as a group these patients did not report an increase in the severity of their total PCL scores prior to dropping out from therapy. Patients who reported more severe total PCL scores at baseline experienced significantly larger reductions in PCL scores during therapy, but veterans at all levels of initial PTSD symptom severity benefited from treatment. Older veterans and Hispanic veterans had higher total PCL scores at baseline.However, veterans across all ages and three racial/ethnic groups (Caucasian, African American, Hispanic) experienced equivalent rates of symptom reduction. Therapist effects were small, but -ivstatistically significant. The study discusses the significance of these findings in light of prior research on trauma-focused therapy, future directions for research, and implications for practice.-v- Acknowledgements

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“…For example, childhood trauma exposure (Danielson et al, 2009;Rosen and Martin, 1998) and mental health symptoms before deployment (Jacobson et al, 2008) are associated with alcohol use (Kelley et al, 2013). Whether combat and noncombat-related trauma exposure confers differential risk for mental health disorders, and thus possibly differential risk for self-medication with substances for female versus male veterans, is inconclusive (e.g., Irish et al, 2010;Tanielian and Jaycox, 2008;Vogt et al, 2011). For instance, some researchers have found that combat-related traumatic event exposure has a stronger association with depression (Tanielian and Jaycox, 2008) and PTSD/PTSS (Irish et al, 2010;Luxton et al, 2010;Skopp et al, 2011;Tanielian and Jaycox, 2008) for women than it does for men.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%