Predatory rapists and victim selection techniques

Stevens, Dennis J.

doi:10.1016/0362-3319(94)90033-7

Cited by 38 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This contrasts sharply with the approximate 15% of the New Zealand population who are Maori and 6% who identify as Pacific Islander (Statistics New Zealand, 1996). However, the disproportionate number of rapists from minority ethnic groups is consistent with international research (Stevens, 1994). This study's findings were also reflective of the 1999 New Zealand Prison Census, whereby 51 and 10% of the New Zealand penal population were identified as Maori and Pacific Islander, respectively (Rich, 2000).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Profiling stranger rapists: Linking offence behaviour to previous criminal histories using a regression model

Scott¹,

Lambie

Henwood³

et al. 2006

Journal of Sexual Aggression

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International research has suggested that rapist criminal histories can be predicted from certain offence behaviours. Ninety-six solved stranger rape cases were examined to determine if there was consistency in a New Zealand sample. Rapist behaviours during the offence were compared with criminal convictions prior to the rape. The primary statistical technique used was likelihood ratio stepwise binary logistic regression. Predictive utility of the results was limited, due to significant correlation coefficients between the criminal history variables. Nevertheless, the current study reflected the general findings of similar descriptive international research. These outcomes were: the majority of stranger rapists had prior criminal convictions, and the majority of those convictions were for property offences not sexual offending. Furthermore, ethnic minorities were over-represented among the offenders, and the majority of stranger rapists started committing their first known rapes in their midto late 20s. Finally, methodological difficulties were encountered during this study. This highlights the need to refine existing statistical approaches to predictive offender-based research.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 83%

Profiling stranger rapists: Linking offence behaviour to previous criminal histories using a regression model

Scott¹,

Lambie

Henwood³

et al. 2006

Journal of Sexual Aggression

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For police this would include citizens engaged in criminal behavior and unaccompanied victims (Kappeler, Sluder, & Alpert, 1998;Stevens, 1994). McGurrin and Kappeler (2002) found that sex workers are especially vulnerable targets for PSV offenses.…”

Section: Victimsmentioning

confidence: 98%

An Exploration of Recidivism and the Officer Shuffle in Police Sexual Violence

Rabe-Hemp

Braithwaite

2012

Police Quarterly

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By examining a decade of newspapers accounts in the Midwest, the current study explores the nature of repeat or recidivist police sexual violence (PSV) in comparison to first-time offending in the characteristics of the offenders, nature of the PSV acts, and the departments and criminal justice system response. Results show that more than 41% of PSV cases are committed by recidivist officers who averaged 4 victims each over a 3-year span of offending. The idea of the officer shuffle is explored in the context of sexual offending by police, indicating that a minority of officers move across jurisdictions maintaining police certification despite allegations of violence and misconduct. Implications explore how policy changes, such as a national reporting system for police sexual offending, would impact problem-prone PSV offending.

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“…According to Myers, Templer, and Brown (1984), characteristics such as submissiveness may be present even before victimization occurs, suggesting that a precondition of these vulnerable traits may be associated with an increased likelihood of victimization. Stevens (1994) later supported this notion by asking predatory rapists to describe their victim selection techniques. Several of these rapists indicated that characteristics of submissiveness played a large role in who they chose to victimize.…”

Section: Personality and Victimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to distinguishing traits such as powerfulness (e.g., Montepare & Zebrowitz-McArthur, 1988), research has suggested that gait cues may provide socially relevant information about individuals' vulnerability to victimization (e.g., Grayson & Stein, 1981;Gunns et al, 2002;Murzynski & Degelman, 1996). Supporting this notion, Stevens (1994) asked predatory rapists to describe their victim selection techniques and found that body movement heavily influenced perceptions of vulnerability (Stevens, 1994). Specifically, these rapists appeared to target women based on the way they carried themselves (e.g., "She walks on her heels not her toes"; Stevens, 1994, p. 427).…”

Section: Victimization and Gaitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telltale Gait: The Role of Nonverbal Cues in Perceptions of Personality and Vulnerability

Ritchie¹

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Non-verbal behaviour often provides one of the first opportunities to make socially relevant judgments. For example, gait has been shown to inadvertently signal information about personality and vulnerability. Although non-verbal cues such as gait appear to signal socially relevant information, researchers have identified distinct differences in the ability of observers to accurately perceive these cues. Based on this research, Study 1 examined the personalities and victimization histories of walkers in relation to their gait, and Study 2 explored individual differences in observer's perceptions of the walkers' personality and vulnerability. While victimization history was associated with the display of vulnerable gait cues in Study 1, this association was dependent on victimization type and the cognitive state of the walker. That is, when the walkers felt comfortable, those who had exclusively experienced sexual victimization displayed significantly more vulnerable gait cues than non-victims, while walkers who had exclusively experienced violent victimization did not. Conversely, when the walkers felt uncomfortable, no associations were identified between gait and victimization history. Further, no associations were identified between gait and personality. In Study 2, psychopathy was identified as the most salient predictor of accuracy in perceiving vulnerability to victimization.This association was also dependent on victimization type, where observers higher on psychopathy were significantly more accurate in perceiving vulnerability to violent, but not sexual victimization. While observers were not able to accurately perceive the walkers' personalities, there was a general tendency to view sexual victims as passive, while violent and non-victims were viewed as charismatic. Taken together, the results of the current study raise questions about the role gait plays in perceptions of vulnerability and personality among psychopathic observers. PERCEPTIONS OF PERSONALITY AND VULNERABILITYiii Acknowledgements I would first like to acknowledge Dr. Adelle Forth. Without her support, knowledge, and inspiring passion for research, I would not be the graduate student I am today. Adelle has made my time at Carleton unforgettable, and I will never be able to thank her enough for everything she has done for me as a professor, supervisor, mentor, colleague, and friend.

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Predatory rapists and victim selection techniques

Cited by 38 publications

References 4 publications

Profiling stranger rapists: Linking offence behaviour to previous criminal histories using a regression model

Profiling stranger rapists: Linking offence behaviour to previous criminal histories using a regression model

An Exploration of Recidivism and the Officer Shuffle in Police Sexual Violence

Telltale Gait: The Role of Nonverbal Cues in Perceptions of Personality and Vulnerability

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