Predatory activity of the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium, Monacrosporium sinense and Arthrobotrys robusta on Angiostrongylus vasorum first-stage larvae

Abstract

Angiostrongylus vasorum is a nematode that parasitizes domestic dogs and wild canids. We compared the predatory capacity of isolates from the predatory fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34), Monacrosporium sinense (SF53) and Arthrobotrys robusta (I31) on first-stage larvae (L1) of A. vasorum under laboratory conditions. L1 A. vasorum were plated on 2% water-agar (WA) Petri dishes marked into 4 mm diameter fields with the four grown isolates and a control without fungus. Plates of treated groups contained each 1000 L1 A. vasorum and 1000 conidia of the fungal isolates AC001, NF34, SF53 and I31 on 2% WA. Plates of the control group (without fungus) contained only 1000 L1 A. vasorum on 2% WA. Ten random fields (4 mm diameter) were examined per plate of treated and control groups, every 24 h for 7 days. Nematophagous fungi were not observed in the control group during the experiment. There was no variation in the predatory capacity among the tested fungal isolates (P>0.05) during the 7 days of the experiment. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) of 80.3%, 74.5%, 74.2% and 71.8% in the means of A. vasorum L1 recovered from treatments with isolates AC001, NF34, SF53 and I31, respectively, compared to the control without fungi. In this study, the four isolates of predatory fungi were efficient in the in vitro capture and destruction of A. vasorum L1, confirming previous work on the efficiency of nematophagous fungi in the control of nematode parasites of dogs and as a possible alternative method of biological control.

In vitro predatory activity of conidia of fungal isolates of the Duddingtonia flagrans on Angiostrongylus vasorum first-stage larvae

“…Braga et al 10 demonstrated that AC001 grown in Petri dishes containing a solid culture (2% WA) did prey on and consequently destroyed 80.3% of A. vasorum L 1 at the end of 7 days. However, comparing this predatory activity with the observation in the present study, it can be noted that the efficiency (74.5%) in this same strain was similar since the predation of larvae occurred after 24h.…”

“…Duddingtonia flagrans is considered the most promising nematode-trapping species in the control of nematodiasis in domestic animals due to its large chlamydospore production. In laboratory conditions, different fungal isolates of D. flagrans have previously been successfully utilized to control gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic animals, especially the isolates AC001 and CG722 9,10 . However, this is the first report comparing the in vitro predatory activity of the conidia of different isolates of the fungus D. flagrans on first-stage (L 1 ) larvae of A. vasorum.…”

Atividade predatória dos fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium e Artrobotrys robusta sobre larvas infectantes de Strongyloides stercoralis

“…Nesse contexto, sugere-se a empregabilidade dos fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia, Monacrosporium e Artrobotrys, cuja capacidade predatória sobre L 3 de nematoides parasitas gastrintestinais com potencial zoonótico tem sido comprovada [7][8][9] . Todavia, a capacidade predatória destes fungos nunca tinha sido testada sobre de L 3 Os resultados obtidos no presente trabalho confirmam trabalhos anteriores da eficiência dos fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001), Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34) e Artrobotrys robusta (I-31) no controle de larvas de nematoides potencialmente zoonóticas.…”

“…Fungos predadores de nematoides é certamente o grupo mais estudado e que apresenta o maior potencial na destruição das formas infectantes de nematoides parasitos gastrintestinais de animais e humanos 8 . As espécies de fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans, Monacrosporium thaumasium e Artrobotrys robusta são identificadas como predadoras e têm sido estudadas como agentes controladores biológicos de nematoides potencialmente zoonóticos 9 .…”

Destruição de larvas infectantes de Strongyloides venezuelensis pelos fungos Duddingtonia flagrans, Arthrobotrys robusta e Monacrosporium sinense

“…Contudo, os fungos nematófagos têm apresentado resultados promissores no combate aos geo-helmintos presentes no ambiente contaminado. As espécies de fungos nematófagos Duddingtonia flagrans, Arthrobotrys robusta e Monacrosporium sinense são identificadas como predadoras e têm sido estudadas como agentes controladores biológicos de nematoides potencialmente zoonóticos, entretanto, podem existir diferenças no mecanismo de ação desses fungos sobre os distintos gêneros de nematoides 8 Foram observados os seguintes percentuais de redução de L 3 de S. venezuelensis: 93% (AC001); 77,2% (I-31) e 65,2% (SF53). A presença das L 3 de Strongyloides venezuelensis nas placas de Petri contendo AA2% foi essencial para a formação das armadilhas pelos isolados fúngicos, uma vez que, esse meio de cultura é pobre em nutrientes (Figuras 1A e B).…”