Predators of Cacopsylla Pyri in Ne Spain. Heteroptera: Anthocoridae and Miridae

Artigues, M.; Avilla, J.; Jauset, A. M.; Sarasúa, M. J.

doi:10.17660/actahortic.1996.422.41

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Pear and apple orchards are relatively permanent habitats which host a great diversity of natural enemies, from different arthropod families, that regulate the populations of phytophagous species 17 . Predatory hemipterans, such as anthocorids and mirids, spiders and ants have been reported as key groups of natural enemies in pear orchards 1,20–28 . However, the importance of these groups of predators for the control of pear psyllids seems to vary among regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17 Predatory hemipterans, such as anthocorids and mirids, spiders and ants have been reported as key groups of natural enemies in pear orchards. 1,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However, the importance of these groups of predators for the control of pear psyllids seems to vary among regions. Anthocoris nemoralis (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) has been reported as the key species in temperate Europe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ants reduce fruit damage caused by psyllids in Mediterranean pear orchards

Sánchez

Carrasco‐Ortiz

López‐Gallego

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Psyllids are principal pests of pear orchards. Pest control based on the intensive use of chemicals is facing difficulties and strategies with a low impact on natural enemies are considered as the most suitable for psyllid control. Ants have been reported as the main predators of Cacopsylla pyri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in the southern Mediterranean area. The aim of this work was to determine the contribution of ants to the reduction of the fruit damage caused by psyllids at different intensities of spraying. Five levels of spraying intensity and ant exclusion were tested in a pear orchard with three blocks of five plots each. RESULTS The incidence of russet on fruits increased with the abundance of psyllids and with ant exclusion. In the absence of ants, the impact of russet increased progressively from the highest to lowest intensity of spraying. By contrast, when ants were present no significant differences were found between the lowest (two application of paraffinic oil) and the highest (six applications of abamectin plus paraffinic oil) spraying levels. In the presence of ants, the incidence of russet in the plots with three applications of paraffinic oil was similar to those with three or six applications of paraffinic oil plus abamectin). CONCLUSIONS The importance of ants for the control of psyllids and the reduction of fruit damage is shown. Reduction in the frequency of spraying and the use of low toxic insecticides for natural enemies is presented as the most sustainable strategy for psyllid control in pear orchards. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ants reduce fruit damage caused by psyllids in Mediterranean pear orchards

Sánchez

Carrasco‐Ortiz

López‐Gallego

et al. 2020

Pest Management Science

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“…Thus, understanding the factors that drive diapause in agricultural pests or their natural enemies can be of paramount importance in the more efficient control of populations of harmful species . In this paper we study the factors affecting the induction and termination of diapause in the predatory mirid Pilophorus gallicus Remane (Hemiptera: Miridae), a naturally occurring predator of Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a phloem‐feeding hemipteran that causes important economic damage in European pear orchards ( Pyrus communis L. (Rosaceae)) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[4][5][6] In this paper we study the factors affecting the induction and termination of diapause in the predatory mirid Pilophorus gallicus Remane (Hemiptera: Miridae), a naturally occurring predator of Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), a phloem-feeding hemipteran that causes important economic damage in European pear orchards (Pyrus communis L. (Rosaceae)). [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] The study of the biology of insects is usually focused on their periods of activity, but the strategies employed to overcome the unfavorable season have been less explored, despite their great repercussions for population dynamics and ecology. Dormancy (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When natural enemies go to sleep: diapause induction and termination in the pear psyllid predator Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Ramírez‐Soria

Wäckers

Sánchez

2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Pilophorus gallicus Remane (Hemiptera: Miridae) is an important predator of the pear psyllid Cacopsylla pyri L. (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) in pear orchards (Pyrus communis L. ‐Rosaceae‐). In the Mediterranean area, it has a multivoltine lifecycle, and can establish resident populations by entering into a facultative embryonic diapause to survive the winter season. Facultative diapause is regulated by environmental factors, and its role in population dynamics is essential because it determines the presence of active individuals in the field. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of (i) photoperiod and temperature on diapause induction in P. gallicus and (ii) photoperiod, temperature, and exposure time on diapause termination. RESULTS Diapause induction was triggered by a short photoperiod (9L:15D), whereas temperature did not influence it significantly. In contrast, diapause termination required a prolonged exposure to low temperature while photoperiod did not have a significant effect. At 6 °C, diapause termination increased significantly between 50 and 70 days of exposure, but not among 70, 90 and 150 days. The longer the exposure of diapausing eggs to 6 °C the shorter their hatching times. Additionally, three different reproductive classes were observed among the female population: diapause inducing, non‐diapause inducing, and mixed. CONCLUSION This work contributes to the knowledge of the reproductive and overwintering strategy of P. gallicus. Embryonic diapause may greatly determine the structure of populations according to environmental conditions and the response of the predator as biological pest control agent. In addition, knowledge of the factors regulating egg diapause may be a useful tool for the mass rearing industry. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…Cacopsylla pyri has been identified as the main vector of PD phytoplasma in Spain and in the Mediterranean area (Carraro et al, 1998;Garcia-Chapa et al, 2005). It is a pest in Catalonia (northeastern Spain), where there is resistance to the authorized insecticides, and where up to five or six generations can be produced every year, making it difficult to control (Artigues et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ by naturally infected Cacopsylla pyri to peach, an approach to the epidemiology of peach yellow leaf roll (PYLR) in Spain

Sabaté¹,

Rodon²,

Artigues³

et al. 2018

Plant Pathology

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Peach orchards in the northeast of Spain were severely affected in 2012 by a previously unreported disease in this area. The symptoms included early reddening, leaf curling, decline, abnormal fruits, and in some cases death of the peach trees. All the infected peach samples were positive for ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’, but none were infected by the ‘Ca. Phytoplasma prunorum’. In this work, potential vectors able to transmit ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pyri’ from pear to peach and between peach trees were studied and their infective potential was analysed at different times of the year. Transmission trials of the phytoplasma with potential vectors to an artificial feeding medium for insects and to healthy peach trees were conducted. Additionally, isolated phytoplasmas were genetically characterized to determine which isolates were able to infect peach trees. Results showed that the only insect species captured inside peach plots that was a carrier of the ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pyri’ phytoplasma was Cacopsylla pyri. Other insect species captured and known to be phytoplasma transmitters were present in very low numbers, and were not infected with ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pyri’ phytoplasma. A total of 1928 individuals of C. pyri were captured in the peach orchards, of which around 49% were phytoplasma carriers. All the peach trees exposed to C. pyri in 2014, and 65% in 2015, were infected by ‘Ca. Phytoplasma pyri’ 1 year after exposure, showing that this species is able to transmit the phytoplasma to peach. Molecular characterization showed that some genotypes are preferentially determined in peach.

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Predators of Cacopsylla Pyri in Ne Spain. Heteroptera: Anthocoridae and Miridae

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Ants reduce fruit damage caused by psyllids in Mediterranean pear orchards

Ants reduce fruit damage caused by psyllids in Mediterranean pear orchards

When natural enemies go to sleep: diapause induction and termination in the pear psyllid predator Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae)

Transmission of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma pyri’ by naturally infected Cacopsylla pyri to peach, an approach to the epidemiology of peach yellow leaf roll (PYLR) in Spain

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