Predator-based psychosocial stress animal model of PTSD: Preclinical assessment of traumatic stress at cognitive, hormonal, pharmacological, cardiovascular and epigenetic levels of analysis

Zoladz, Phillip R.; Diamond, David M.

doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.06.003

Cited by 51 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 160 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Predator odour stress is a model for PTSD, causing physiological and behavioural changes similar to those seen in patients with the disorder, including increased anxiety and fear, as well as decreased social interaction . Predator stress also induces synaptic plasticity in brain regions involved in fear and defensive behaviour such as the amygdala .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the posterodorsal medial amygdala in predator odour stress‐induced puberty delay in female rats

Adekunbi

Alobaid

et al. 2019

J Neuroendocrinology

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Puberty onset is influenced by various factors, including psychosocial stress. The present study investigated cat‐odour stress on puberty onset and oestrous cyclicity in rats. Female weanling rats were exposed to either soiled cat litter or fresh unused litter for 10 consecutive days. Following vaginal opening (VO), rats were smeared for 14 days to determine oestrous cyclicity. Anxiety‐like behaviour was assessed using standard anxiety tests. Brains were collected to determine corticotrophin‐releasing factor (CRF), CRF receptor 1 (CRF‐R1) and CRF receptor 2 (CRF‐R2) mRNA in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), as well as the central nucleus of the amygdala (CEA) and the medial nucleus of the amygdala (MEA). Cat odour delayed VO and first oestrus, disrupted oestrous cycles and caused anxiogenic responses. Cat odour elicited increased CRF mRNA expression in the PVN but not in the CeA. CRF‐R1 and CRF‐R2 mRNA levels in the PVN and CeA were unaffected by cat odour; however, CRF‐R1 mRNA levels were decreased in the MeA. The role of CRF signalling in the MeA, particularly its posterodorsal subnucleus (MePD), with respect to pubertal timing was directly examined by unilateral intra‐MePD administration of CRF (0.2 nmol day‐1 for 14 days) via an osmotic mini‐pump from postnatal day 24 and was shown to delay VO and first oestrus. These data suggest that CRF signalling in the MePD may be associated with predator odour‐induced puberty delay.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of the posterodorsal medial amygdala in predator odour stress‐induced puberty delay in female rats

Adekunbi

Alobaid

et al. 2019

J Neuroendocrinology

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“…While we focus on the SPS model, several other pre-clinical models have been proposed as relevant for PTSD. These include Pavlovian fear conditioning ( 4 , 5 ), stress-enhanced fear learning ( 6 , 7 ), exposure to predators or predator scent ( 8 – 10 ), physiological stressors such as underwater trauma ( 11 ), or restraint stress ( 12 , 13 ), and protocols that (like SPS) combine multiple stressors, for example the combination of social instability with predator exposure ( 14 ) or social isolation with foot shock exposure ( 15 ). Several recent reviews have evaluated and compared these models ( 16 – 22 ); however, making comparisons among them is not the primary aim of this review.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-Prolonged Stress: A Review of Two Decades of Progress in a Rodent Model of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

et al. 2018

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common, costly, and often debilitating psychiatric condition. However, the biological mechanisms underlying this disease are still largely unknown or poorly understood. Considerable evidence indicates that PTSD results from dysfunction in highly-conserved brain systems involved in stress, anxiety, fear, and reward. Pre-clinical models of traumatic stress exposure are critical in defining the neurobiological mechanisms of PTSD, which will ultimately aid in the development of new treatments for PTSD. Single prolonged stress (SPS) is a pre-clinical model that displays behavioral, molecular, and physiological alterations that recapitulate many of the same alterations observed in PTSD, illustrating its validity and giving it utility as a model for investigating post-traumatic adaptations and pre-trauma risk and protective factors. In this manuscript, we review the present state of research using the SPS model, with the goals of (1) describing the utility of the SPS model as a tool for investigating post-trauma adaptations, (2) relating findings using the SPS model to findings in patients with PTSD, and (3) indicating research gaps and strategies to address them in order to improve our understanding of the pathophysiology of PTSD.

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“…Although PTSD has gained considerable attention in recent decades, it has not always been clear what constitutes adaptive versus maladaptive responses in traumatic stress. Therefore, understanding susceptibility factors that encourage persistent and invasive traumatic memory expression, as well as more global somatic PTSD symptoms, is of great scientific and practical value [19].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression level of muscarinic M1 receptor subtypes in different regions of rat brain

Aykaç¹,

Karanlik²

2017

Marmara Medical Journal

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The expression level of muscarinic M1 receptor subtypes in different regions of rat brain Sıçan farklı beyin bölgelerinde M1 muskarinik reseptör alt tipi seviyeleri ÖZ Amaç: Travma sonrası stres bozukluğu (TSSB) yaşamı tehdit eden travma, aşırı uyarılma, flashbackler ve kabuslar ile karakterizedir. TSSB araştırmaları, travmatik bir deneyimin beyinin davranış ve işlevleri üzerinde uzun süreli bozulma etkilerine yol açtığını anlamanın zorluğuyla karşı karşıyadır. Herhangi bir spesifik ajanın etkinliğini destekleyecek uygun kanıt olmadığında, TSSB'nin farmakoterapisinde birçok farmakolojik ajan kullanılmaktadır. Olumsuz bir deneyimin geri çağrılmasında M 1 muskarinik reseptör alt tiplerinin önemli rol oynayabileceği öngörülmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı, TSSB'de kronik fluoksetin (FLU) (2.5 mg/ gün; i.p) tedavisinin hem davranışsal hem de moleküler etkinliğini ve farmakoterapinin sıçanlarda M 1 muskarinik reseptör alt tipi ekspresyonu üzerine muhtemel etkisini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Deney tasarımında tüm gruplar rastgele olarak seçilerek Kontrol, Stres ve Tedavi grupları oluşturulmuştur. Kronik FLU tedavisinin etkileri, sıçan hipokampüs ve frontal korteksinde, M 1 reseptörlerinin ekspresyon seviyeleri açısından değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Sıçanlar deneyin son gününde (30.Gün) travma hatırlatıcılara maruz kaldıklarında, stres gruplarındaki anksiyete indekslerinin kontrol grubuna göre belirgin bir şekilde arttığı gözlemlenmiştir (P<0.001). Ayrıca, kronik FLU tedavisinin stress gruplarında anksiyete değerlerini düşürerek geriye döndürdüğü gözlemlenmiştir (P<0.001).Sonuç: Bu çalışmada, stresin kaygı benzeri davranışları arttırarak sıçan beyin hipokampüs ve frontal korteksinde M 1 ekspresyon seviyesini azalttığı gözlemlenmiştir. Düşük doz kronik FLU tedavisi ile bu etkilerin geri döndürülebileceği öngörülmektedir.

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Predator-based psychosocial stress animal model of PTSD: Preclinical assessment of traumatic stress at cognitive, hormonal, pharmacological, cardiovascular and epigenetic levels of analysis

Cited by 51 publications

References 160 publications

Role of the posterodorsal medial amygdala in predator odour stress‐induced puberty delay in female rats

Role of the posterodorsal medial amygdala in predator odour stress‐induced puberty delay in female rats

Single-Prolonged Stress: A Review of Two Decades of Progress in a Rodent Model of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

The expression level of muscarinic M1 receptor subtypes in different regions of rat brain

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