Predation risk and resource availability explain roost locations of Whimbrel <i>Numenius phaeopus</i> in a tropical mangrove delta

Johnston-González, Richard; Abril, Elizabeth

doi:10.1111/ibi.12678

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…Notably, despite their common occurrence, inland agriculture landcover types were little used by Whimbrels at non‐breeding sites, where coastal sites with mangrove and intertidal landcover types were used in addition to nearby agricultural plots and aquaculture operations. Agricultural staging sites may provide abundant, high‐energy food resources during migration, but Whimbrels may otherwise derive different benefits (e.g., decreased predation risk and reduced disturbance) from undisturbed coastal habitats that are more important at non‐breeding locations (Johnston‐Gonzá and Abril 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse patterns of migratory timing, site use, and site fidelity by Alaska‐breeding Whimbrels

et al. 2021

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Birds that conduct long‐distance migrations exhibit varied patterns of consistency in migratory timing and site use. Understanding variation in these traits among populations can help uncover mechanisms driving migratory behaviors and identify potential population threats. Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus) are long‐distance migratory shorebirds with a Holarctic breeding distribution, and recent studies have documented population‐specific migrations that vary in duration (short to long) and frequency of stops (none/few to multiple). Factors driving these population‐specific differences are unclear. We studied the migration ecology of Whimbrels breeding in Alaska, USA, using satellite transmitters deployed from 2006 to 2010 and tracked through 2015. Whimbrels moved entirely within the Pacific Americas Flyway, and some conducted nonstop flights that exceeded seven days across ~ 8700 km. Birds dispersed across numerous sites throughout the flyway, often using agriculture or aquaculture habitats. Whimbrels generally exhibited fidelity to breeding and non‐breeding sites, but typically only exhibited fidelity to staging sites used prior to long, nonstop migratory flights. The duration of migration for Whimbrels at more southern non‐breeding locations was longer than for those at more northern non‐breeding sites, and birds at more southern sites also terminated southbound migration later and initiated northbound migration earlier than birds at more northern sites. Alaska‐breeding Whimbrels exhibited greater variation in migratory behaviors than those in other populations in the species’ range. We attribute this within‐population diversity to the extensive breadth of non‐breeding distributions (~ 70° latitude across ~ 8600 km), a range that naturally shaped individual responses to unequal migratory demands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse patterns of migratory timing, site use, and site fidelity by Alaska‐breeding Whimbrels

et al. 2021

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“…The proportion of whimbrels harassed by dogs represents a small proportion of the birds detected (3.8%), but this is likely a major underestimation influenced by the small amount of time allocated to observation within each segment. In light of the high proportion of beaches used by dogs, as revealed by the track records, coupled with the behavior of whimbrels maintaining their foraging territories at each beach at nonbreeding areas (e.g., [ 62 ]), the proportion of birds harassed by dogs on a daily basis would be much higher than the numbers we report. In addition, whimbrel density within the study area was higher than that reported throughout sandy beaches at different areas of the Pacific Flyway [ 63 , 64 ], reaching similarly high values found at most relevant nonbreeding grounds for the species on Chiloé Island [ 64 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Widespread Presence of Domestic Dogs on Sandy Beaches of Southern Chile

Cortés

Navedo

Silva‐Rodríguez

2021

Animals

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Dogs on sandy beaches are a threat to shorebirds. Managing this problem requires understanding the factors that influence the abundance of dogs in these ecosystems. We aimed to determine the proportion of beaches used by dogs and the effects of human presence on dog abundance on sandy beaches of southern Chile. We conducted dog counts and recorded the presence of tracks on 14 beaches. We used zero-inflated generalized linear mixed models to determine if the number of people, number of households, and other covariates were associated with dog abundance. We detected dog tracks on all the beaches, and dog sightings on most of them. Dogs were frequently not supervised (45%) and only 13% of them were leashed. The number of people on the beach and the number of houses near the beach were positively associated with the number of dogs on beaches. Finally, when dogs co-occurred with whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus), the probability of dog harassment was high (59%). Our work reveals that human presence determines the abundance of dogs on sandy beaches. Therefore, our study suggests that any strategy aiming at reducing dog harassment of shorebirds requires changes in those human behaviors that favor the presence of free-ranging dogs at beaches.

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“…Often the choice of the roosts by birds is positively influenced by the position of the foraging sites (Watts andTurrin 2017, Johnston-González andAbril 2019). The choice of roost sites may also be influenced by factors like thermoregulation (Williams and Du Plessis 2013) and predation pressures (Townsend et al 2009, Johnston-González andAbril 2019). In some cases, the roost locations may be entirely outside their diurnal activity ranges (Jirinec et al 2016) or in a completely different habitat (Townsend et al 2009).…”

Section: Roosting Patterns Of Hornbillsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, understanding the patterns of roost site use is essential. The choice of roost sites may be influenced by access to food resources (Johnston-González and Abril 2019) preference for specific habitats (Zoghby et al 2016), protection from extreme weather (Peters and Otis 2007), predation pressure (Bock et al 2013, Johnston-González andAbril 2019), parasite avoidance (Rohner et al 2000), mate selection and anthropogenic disturbance (Peters and Otis 2007). The factors that influence roosting patterns may differ across sympatric species (Peters and Otis 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of roost site use by Asian hornbills and implications for seed dispersal

Naniwadekar

Rathore

Shukla

2020

Preprint

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Animals spend a significant amount of time roosting. Therefore, understanding roosting patterns and the processes that influence roosting behaviour and roost site choice is essential. Hornbills exhibit interesting roosting patterns with some species roosting communally in large flocks. They are important seed dispersers and patterns of roost site use can have a significant influence on seed dispersal distributions and thereby on plant recruitment. We documented roost site use by four Great Hornbills (Buceros bicornis) and one Wreathed Hornbill (Rhyticeros undulatus) at a site in north-east India using GPS telemetry. We examined the influence of riverine habitats, nests and foraging range on roost selection. We determined the proportion of seeds that hornbills disperse at roosts and the dispersal distances of seeds dispersed at roosts from the source trees. Through telemetry, we found that roosts of Great Hornbills were generally in forested habitats. Our telemetry data showed that Wreathed Hornbill roosts were close to the river. These results were corroborated by observational data from roost sites where we had regular detections of relatively large flocks of Wreathed Hornbills and occasionally Great Hornbills. The roost sites were not close to the nest sites and were generally within the 95% kernel density diurnal activity ranges. Hornbills dispersed a small proportion of seeds at roost sites. Seeds dispersed at roost sites had almost twice the dispersal distances compared to those dispersed at non-roost sites. This study highlights variation in roost site pattern across individual hornbills and its implications for seed dispersal.

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Predation risk and resource availability explain roost locations of Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus in a tropical mangrove delta

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Diverse patterns of migratory timing, site use, and site fidelity by Alaska‐breeding Whimbrels

Diverse patterns of migratory timing, site use, and site fidelity by Alaska‐breeding Whimbrels

Widespread Presence of Domestic Dogs on Sandy Beaches of Southern Chile

Patterns of roost site use by Asian hornbills and implications for seed dispersal

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