Predation on immature parasitoids and its impact on aphid suppression

Colfer, Ramana G.; Rosenheim, Jay A.

doi:10.1007/s004420000510

Cited by 161 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…This response may preserve food resources for both C7 adults and their offspring and disperse aphid parasitism more widely among aphid patches. Although several authors have pointed out the potential negative impact of coccinellid predation on aphid parasitoids within their hosts (Ferguson & Stiling, 1996;Colfer & Rosenheim, 2001), little attention has been given to the consequences for coccinellids when they prey on parasitized aphids.…”

Section: Relation To Aphid Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is Coccinella septempunctata so successful? (A point-of-view)

Hodek¹,

Michaud²

2008

Eur. J. Entomol.

124

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Abstract. Factors were examined that could be responsible for the predominance of Coccinella septempunctata (C7) in most habitats of the Palaearctic and for its successful invasion of the Nearctic Region. C7 is euryphagous, but less polyphagous than Harmonia axyridis or Coleomegilla maculata in that it cannot develop or reproduce on non-aphid food. The intraguild status of C7 is intermediate. Although adult size is large, preimaginal stages are palatable to those of H. axyridis and Adalia bipunctata, whereas it is not an intraguild predator of these species. Although these traits appear to be neutral or negative, many aspects of population plasticity are advantageous for C7, often acting in concert with a bet-hedging strategy. Given its high mobility and eurytopy, the inhibition of oviposition in the presence of conspecific larval trails represents an adaptive advantage that favors increased egg dispersal and lowers the risk of offspring mortality due to cannibalism. The ability to temporarily suspend oviposition, combined with heterogenous voltinism and diapause tendencies, enable a portion of C7 populations to feed and reproduce on unpredictably occurring aphid populations. An absence of reproductive diapause in males and pre-hibernation mating are other significant adaptations, along with the tendency to produce offspring in excess of the carrying capacity of local food resources. We suggest that one explanation for the broad geographic success of C7 resides in an ecological plasticity that is based on both genetic and phenotypic polymorphisms.

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Section: Relation To Aphid Parasitoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why is Coccinella septempunctata so successful? (A point-of-view)

Hodek¹,

Michaud²

2008

Eur. J. Entomol.

124

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“…Além disso, não foi observada nenhuma ação independente entre os predadores de modo a se obter um efeito aditivo (sinergismo) na supressão da praga. Ao contrário, a interação entre eles ocasionou o aumento da densidade de afídeos, através do efeito conhecido como cascata trófica (COLFER & ROSENHEIM, 2001).…”

Section: Figura 1 Influência Do Agrupamento De Indivíduos E Estádio Dunclassified

“…Quando as adaptações de duas espécies forem similares e os recursos forem insuficientes para manter suas populações, poderá ocorrer competição (GLIESSMAN, 2001). A quarta interação que pode influenciar a estrutura de uma comunidade é a combinação entre predação e competição conhecida como predação intraguilda (BRODEUR et al, 2002;COLFER & ROSENHEIM, 2001;PHOOFOLO & OBRYCKI, 1998;ROSENHEIM et al, 1993;VENZON et al, 2001). Na América Neotropical, Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) e Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen, 1861) apresentam grande potencial para utilização em programas de controle biológico pela eficiência na regulação natural de artrópodes-praga, em diversos agroecossistemas (ALBUQUERQUE et al, 2001;FREITAS & SCALOPPI, 1996;SANTA-CECÍLIA et al, 1997;SOUZA & CARVALHO, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos da predação entre larvas de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) e Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) em laboratório

Souza

Costa²,

Tanque

et al. 2008

Ciênc. agrotec.

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RESUMOObjetivou-se no presente trabalho estudar aspectos da predação entre larvas de Chrysoperla externa e Ceraeochrysa cubana, sob condições de laboratório, verificando a sobrevivência desses predadores nos diferentes ínstares, quando mantidos nas proporções de 1:1, 2:2 e 3:3. De modo geral, C. externa apresentou maior sobrevivência, independente do ínstar e da proporção de adensamento entre indivíduos. Ao contrário, C. cubana foi fortemente afetada pela interação com C. externa, tendo sua capacidade de sobrevivência reduzida com o aumento da proporção de adensamento e com o desenvolvimento larval. No final da fase larval, verificou-se uma taxa de sobrevivência próxima a 96, 90 e 95%, e 56, 23 e 9% para C. externa e C. cubana nas proporções de 1:1, 2:2 e 3:3 indivíduos, respectivamente.Termos para indexação: Controle biológico, crisopídeos, predação intraguilda. ABSTRACTThis work aimed to study aspects of predation among Chrysoperla externa and Ceraeochrysa cubana larvae under laboratory conditions. The survival of those predators in different larval stages was studied, maintaining the larvae grouped in proportions of 1:1, 2:2 and 3:3 individuals. C. externa presented higher survival rates, independently of larval ínstar and density proportion among individuals. On the other hand, C. cubana was strongly affected by interaction with C. externa, and had its survival capacity reduced with the increase of grouping proportion and larval development. At the end of larval phase, a survival rate around 96, 90, and 95 and 56, 23 and 9% for C. externa and C. cubana in proportions of 1:1, 2:2 and 3:3 individuals, respectively, was verified.

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“…They often provide a more realistic habitat than laboratory environments and allow the assessment of interactions between natural enemies which are sometimes (Snyder & Ives, 2001) but not always (Colfer & Rosenheim, 2001) detrimental to pest control. For example, Colfer & Rosenheim (2001) reported that within parasitoid-only control plots, rates of parasitism never exceeded 10% but rather than reducing biological control due to between-species competition, the addition of predator communities further suppressed aphid densities despite high levels of predation on immature parasitoids. However, care is needed during the implementation of caged experiments to ensure comparable conditions and interactions to those experienced in the field.…”

Section: Caged and Manipulative Field Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying aphid predation rates of generalist predators in the field

Harwood¹,

Obrycki²

2005

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The community of predators within agroecosystems has the potential to restrict aphid populations, especially early in the season before exponential increases in density and prior to the arrival of specialist natural enemies. Although direct observations of predation, laboratory feeding trials and manipulative field studies have been used to estimate levels of biological control exerted by different species (or potentially negative interactions between them), it is often difficult to extrapolate results to naturally occurring interactions in the field.Over 100 investigations have utilized gut-content analysis to estimate aphid predation rates by predators. Throughout the last century, gut dissection, which enables the visual identification of aphid body parts, has been used in over 50% of studies although accurate identification and quantification of predation is difficult. Other techniques have included radio-labelling of prey, dissection of faecal samples, electrophoresis, stable isotope analysis and use of polyclonal antisera. In recent studies of invertebrate predation, monoclonal antibodies have been the most frequently applied technique but advances in molecular biology have enabled the detection of species-specific DNA sequences. The use of these applications to quantify predation by aphidophagous predators will be reviewed, with emphasis on potential sources of error and difficulties of quantitative interpretation. Despite the considerable focus currently directed towards molecular approaches, antibody-based techniques are likely to remain an important tool for studying predation rates of pests in the field, especially when antibodies have already been developed. However, the study of multiple predation events within complex generalist predator food webs is only likely through the detection of species-specific DNA sequences using molecular techniques.

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Predation on immature parasitoids and its impact on aphid suppression

Cited by 161 publications

References 52 publications

Why is Coccinella septempunctata so successful? (A point-of-view)

Why is Coccinella septempunctata so successful? (A point-of-view)

Aspectos da predação entre larvas de Chrysoperla externa (Hagen, 1861) e Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen, 1861) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) em laboratório

Quantifying aphid predation rates of generalist predators in the field

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