Precursor synoptic‐scale disturbances associated with tropical cyclogenesis in the South China Sea during 2000–2011

Yuan, Jing; Li, Tim; Wang, Dongxiao

doi:10.1002/joc.4219

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…TC track direction is one of the major factors that should be included in TC landfall prediction (Wang and Chan 2002;Liu and Chan 2003;Yang et al 2015a, b). Previous studies have shown that the interannual and interdecadal variability of TC activity in the western North Pacific (WNP) is closely related to the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and East Asian monsoon variability (Wang et al 2012;Yuan et al 2014). As the most important mode in the topical air-sea interaction, ENSO has a strong influence on the interannual variability of TC activity (Saunders et al 2000;Sobel and Maloney 2000;Wang and Chan 2002;Wu et al 2005;Camargo and Sobel 2005;Chan 2006;Zhang et al 2012a, b;Wang et al 2014;Kim et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential impact of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and sea surface temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean–Western Pacific on the variability of typhoon landfall on the China coast

et al. 2017

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The landfall activity of typhoons (TYs) along the coast of China during July-August-September (JAS) shows significant interdecadal variation during 1965-2010. We identify three sub-periods of TY landfall activity in JAS along the China coast in this period, with more TY landfall during 1965-1978 (Period I) and 1998 (Period III), and less during 1982-1995. We find that the interdecadal variation might be related to the combined effects of Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) phase changes and sea surface temperature (SST) variation in the tropical Indian Ocean and Western Pacific (IO-WP). During the negative PDO phase in Periods I and III, a cyclonic anomaly is located in the western North Pacific (WNP), inducing easterly flow in its northern part, which favors TY landfall along the eastern China coast. Warm SST anomalies over the tropical IO-WP during Period III induce an anomalous anticyclonic circulation in the WNP through both the Gillpattern response to the warm SST in the tropical IO and the anomalous meridional circulation induced by the warm SST in the tropical WNP. As a result, the northern South China Sea and WNP (10°-20° N) are dominated by southeasterly flow, which favors TYs making landfall on both the southern and eastern China coast. With both landfalling-favorable conditions satisfied, there are significantly more TYs making landfall along the China coast during Period III than during Period I, which shows cool SST anomalies in the tropical IO-WP.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential impact of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and sea surface temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean–Western Pacific on the variability of typhoon landfall on the China coast

et al. 2017

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“…The Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) is known to influence cyclogenesis across the tropics [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] . In the north Indian Ocean also, the genesis and evolution of the cyclone is generally associated with the MJO 11,12 .…”

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Role of warm ocean conditions and the MJO in the genesis and intensification of extremely severe cyclone Fani

Singh

Roxy

Deshpande

2021

Sci Rep

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Cyclone Fani, in April 2019, was the strongest pre-monsoon cyclone to form in the Bay of Bengal after 1994. It underwent rapid intensification and intensified quickly to an extremely severe cyclone. It maintained a wind speed of ≥ 51 m s−1 (≥ 100 knots) for a record time period of 36 h. The total lifespan of the cyclone was double than the climatological lifespan. Also, the duration of the cyclone in its extremely severe phase and the accumulated cyclone energy were significantly larger than the climatological records for the pre-monsoon season. In the current study, we investigate the ocean-atmospheric conditions that led to its genesis, rapid intensification and long lifespan. Our analysis shows that the Madden Julian Oscillation and anomalous high sea surface temperatures provided conducive dynamic and thermodynamic conditions for the genesis of cyclone Fani, despite forming very close to the equator where cyclogenesis is generally unlikely. Further, favourable ocean subsurface conditions and the presence of a warm core eddy in the region led to its rapid intensification to an extremely severe cyclone. A large area of warm ocean surface and subsurface temperatures aided the cyclone to maintain very high wind speed for a record time period. The vital role of the ocean surface and the subsurface in the genesis and the intensification highlights the need to efficiently incorporate ocean initial conditions (surface and sub-surface) and ocean–atmosphere coupling in the operational cyclone forecasting framework.

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“…Wang et al (2007) found that during southwest monsoon period, as sea surface temperature and relative humidity well favor the TCG in the SCS, positive lower-tropospheric vorticity and weak vertical wind shear are indicative to the locations of TCG. Yuan et al (2015) summarized six types of TCG in the SCS from the samples in 2000-2011: 1) synoptic-scale wave train (SWT), 2) TC energy dispersion (TCED), 3) Pacific easterly wave (EW), 4) Borneo vortex (BV), 5) TC southwesterly shear induced vortex (TCSV), and 6) others. Compared with the WNP TCs in the main Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org developing region, the BV and TCSV are the two unique TCG types in the SCS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsequent tropical cyclogenesis in the South China Sea induced by the pre-existing tropical cyclone over the western North Pacific: a case study

Wu,

Chan

2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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Mechanisms of tropical cyclogenesis have been studied for decades. A new one in the South China Sea, namely, PTC-STC is proposed. A subsequent tropical cyclone (STC) in the South China Sea can be induced by a pre-existing tropical cyclone (PTC) over the western North Pacific. The observations, reanalysis, and numerical sensitivity experiments suggest that the terrain of the Philippines (especially Luzon) is geographically essential to the tropical cyclogenesis and development of STC, whereas the intensity and track of PTC are conditionally decisive. If the terrain of the Philippines is replaced by sea, no STC forms. The steep mountain range of Luzon provides static blocking effect that can 1) enhance the upward motion; 2) accumulate warm moist air mass from the westerly and PTC; and 3) constrain the advection of vorticity from the PTC. Meanwhile, the northeasterly from the PTC climbs over the terrains, increases the diabatic heating, and warms the proximity in the leeside of the mountains. These processes show that the interactions between the PTC and the terrain of the Philippines could provide favorable dynamic and thermodynamic conditions for the tropical cyclogenesis of STC in the low-to-mid troposphere of the South China Sea. Whereas, if the PTC is too strong, it could move into the South China Sea, suppressing the standalone favorable conditions for the tropical cyclogenesis of STC in the South China Sea.

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Precursor synoptic‐scale disturbances associated with tropical cyclogenesis in the South China Sea during 2000–2011

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Potential impact of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and sea surface temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean–Western Pacific on the variability of typhoon landfall on the China coast

Potential impact of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and sea surface temperature in the tropical Indian Ocean–Western Pacific on the variability of typhoon landfall on the China coast

Role of warm ocean conditions and the MJO in the genesis and intensification of extremely severe cyclone Fani

Subsequent tropical cyclogenesis in the South China Sea induced by the pre-existing tropical cyclone over the western North Pacific: a case study

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