Precursor comparisons for the upregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Novel approaches for better aging

Palmer, Raymond D.; Elnashar, Magdy M. M.; Vaccarezza, Mauro

doi:10.1002/agm2.12170

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Due to this, several studies have proposed supplementation with NAD, and many NAD precursors are tested as supplements to increase NAD levels (52, 53). Among the precursors, Na was reported to be one of the best precursors with the least side effects and greater potential of getting converted into NAD (54).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized quantitative models of NAD metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma identify a subgroup with poor prognosis

et al. 2022

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Cancer cells are known to undergo metabolic adaptation to cater to their enhanced energy demand. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is an essential metabolite regulating many cellular processes within the cell. The enzymes required for NAD synthesis, starting from the base precursor - tryptophan, are expressed in the liver and the kidney, while all other tissues convert NAD from intermediate precursors. The liver, being an active metabolic organ, is a primary contributor to NAD biosynthesis. Inhibition of key enzymes in the NAD biosynthetic pathways is proposed as a strategy for designing anti-cancer drugs. On the other hand, NAD supplementation has also been reported to be beneficial in cancer in some cases. As metabolic adaptation that occurs in cancer cells can lead to perturbations to the pathways, it is important to understand the exact nature of the perturbation in each individual patient. To investigate this, we use a mathematical modelling approach integrated with transcriptomes of patient samples from the TCGA-LIHC cohort. Quantitative profiling of the NAD biosynthesis pathway helps us understand the NAD biosynthetic status and changes in the controlling steps of the pathway. Our results indicate that NAD biosynthesis is heterogeneous among liver cancer patients, and that Nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRT) levels are indicative of the NAD biosynthetic status. Further, we find that reduced NAPRT levels combined with reduced Nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase (NAMPT) levels contribute to poor prognosis. Identification of the precise subgroup who may benefit from NAD supplementation in subgroup with low levels of NAPRT and NAMPT could be explored to improve patient outcome.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personalized quantitative models of NAD metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma identify a subgroup with poor prognosis

et al. 2022

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“…NMN is one of the natural compounds to boost NAD + biosynthesis. In mammals, NMN can be produced from nicotinamide (NAM, a form of vitamin B3 found in various foods) by nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), the rate-limiting enzyme [ 21 , 27 , 28 ]. NMN can also be synthesized from nicotinamide riboside (NR) through NR kinase-mediated phosphorylation reaction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Protects against Retinal Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Carotid Artery Occlusion

Lee

Tomita

Miwa

et al. 2022

IJMS

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Cardiovascular abnormality-mediated retinal ischemia causes severe visual impairment. Retinal ischemia is involved in enormous pathological processes including oxidative stress, reactive gliosis, and retinal functional deficits. Thus, maintaining retinal function by modulating those pathological processes may prevent or protect against vision loss. Over the decades, nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), a crucial nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) intermediate, has been nominated as a promising therapeutic target in retinal diseases. Nonetheless, a protective effect of NMN has not been examined in cardiovascular diseases-induced retinal ischemia. In our study, we aimed to investigate its promising effect of NMN in the ischemic retina of a murine model of carotid artery occlusion. After surgical unilateral common carotid artery occlusion (UCCAO) in adult male C57BL/6 mice, NMN (500 mg/kg/day) was intraperitoneally injected to mice every day until the end of experiments. Electroretinography and biomolecular assays were utilized to measure ocular functional and further molecular alterations in the retina. We found that UCCAO-induced retinal dysfunction was suppressed, pathological gliosis was reduced, retinal NAD+ levels were preserved, and the expression of an antioxidant molecule (nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2; Nrf2) was upregulated by consecutive administration of NMN. Our present outcomes first suggest a promising NMN therapy for the suppression of cardiovascular diseases-mediated retinal ischemic dysfunction.

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“…Type 4’s attempt to navigate away from toxins such as cigarettes, perform weight management, and may restrict or abstain from alcohol though do not implement any emerging or significant longevity technologies or regimes such as fasting or clean plant‐based diets. Mortality Risk—Moderate. Type III – The Type 3 class is proactive in using anti‐aging technologies, they actively seek and study longevity for increased awareness, they use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursors to maintain cellular metabolism 16 and foods specifically known for their anti‐aging properties, 17–22 they possibly practice fasting, 23–25 use fasting mimetics, 26 exercise and are lean or muscular, target a more epigenetic diet, 19 and steer clear of any biological insults 27 . Mortality Risk—Unlikely. Type II – The Type 2 cohort implement a strict longevity lifestyle that is very similar to Type 3’s; however, Type 2’s also implement early disease prevention strategies such as whole genome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, gene panel, single gene testing, and methylation analysis to garner data on their disease predisposition and penetrance.…”

Section: Classification System/scale—the Intervention On Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mortality Risk-Probable. Type III -The Type 3 class is proactive in using anti-aging technologies, they actively seek and study longevity for increased awareness, they use nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide precursors to maintain cellular metabolism 16 and foods specifically known for their anti-aging properties, [17][18][19][20][21][22] they possibly practice fasting, [23][24][25] use fasting mimetics, 26 exercise and are lean or muscular, target a more epigenetic diet, 19 and steer clear of any biological insults. 27 Mortality Risk-Unlikely.…”

Section: A Ss Ifi C Ati On Sys Tem/sc Ale-the Interventi On On Ag Ingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The intervention on aging system: A classification model, the requirement for five novel categories

Palmer

2022

Aging Medicine

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The longevity industry is vastly different than the health industry.Health foods and health products may deliver health benefits, but these benefits are mostly only available if you are deficient in a vitamin or mineral, but no health product has been shown to profoundly extend lifespan (if at all). 1 The study by Khan et al. 2019 conducted nine systematic reviews, and four randomized control trials were chosen that embodied a total of 277 trials, 24 interventions, with a total of 992,129 participants. These data from John Hopkins Medicine support the idea that an avid user of health products will still age and experience biological decay at their natural rate of aging. John Hopkins did find minor health benefits from low-salt diet, omega-3 fatty acids supplements, and possibly folic acid supplements in some people.Lifespan and health-span remain separate challenges, as lifespan simply denotes the duration of a person's life, whereas health-span refers to the time a human can remain fit, vibrant, and healthy. The onset of biological decay and the elimination of health-span appears to be the origin of where suffering, disease, and death emanate from.

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Precursor comparisons for the upregulation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Novel approaches for better aging

Cited by 10 publications

References 45 publications

Personalized quantitative models of NAD metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma identify a subgroup with poor prognosis

Personalized quantitative models of NAD metabolism in hepatocellular carcinoma identify a subgroup with poor prognosis

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Protects against Retinal Dysfunction in a Murine Model of Carotid Artery Occlusion

The intervention on aging system: A classification model, the requirement for five novel categories

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