“…With the advent of the locking plate, several site-specific locking plates, including a distal clavicle locking plate, are now available to provide improved fixation with few complications and the advantage of a lower rate of subsequent surgery for hardware removal [14]. Studies have reported excellent results of distal clavicle fractures treated with locking plate [14,15,17,26,29,30].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies have reported excellent results of distal clavicle fractures treated with locking plate [14,15,17,26,29,30]. Treatment for unstable distal clavicle fractures using a locking T-plate and a CC PDS (polydioxansulfate) cerclage can provide good and reliable clinical results and a 100 % union rate [16].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Today, there is a wide variety of surgical techniques for the treatment for these fractures. If surgery of distal clavicle fractures is indicated, many implants or surgical methods are available, including Kirschner wires [3], coracoclavicular screw fixation [4,5], hook plate fixation [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], or locking plate fixation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Although there are many types of operative procedures, no procedures are considered to be the gold standard treatment.…”
“…With the advent of the locking plate, several site-specific locking plates, including a distal clavicle locking plate, are now available to provide improved fixation with few complications and the advantage of a lower rate of subsequent surgery for hardware removal [14]. Studies have reported excellent results of distal clavicle fractures treated with locking plate [14,15,17,26,29,30].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Studies have reported excellent results of distal clavicle fractures treated with locking plate [14,15,17,26,29,30]. Treatment for unstable distal clavicle fractures using a locking T-plate and a CC PDS (polydioxansulfate) cerclage can provide good and reliable clinical results and a 100 % union rate [16].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Today, there is a wide variety of surgical techniques for the treatment for these fractures. If surgery of distal clavicle fractures is indicated, many implants or surgical methods are available, including Kirschner wires [3], coracoclavicular screw fixation [4,5], hook plate fixation [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], or locking plate fixation [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Although there are many types of operative procedures, no procedures are considered to be the gold standard treatment.…”
“…[26] described the advantageous role of hook plate fixation in their comparative study between hook plate and tension band. Andersen et al [27] reported 94% union rate with precountered superior locking plate fixation for displaced distal clavicle fractures. Peri-implant fracture has been reported in one case and infected nonunion in the other in their study.…”
Purpose Displaced type 2 lateral end clavicle fractures have a tendency to delayed union or non-union. Various methods of stabilisation of the displaced lateral end fractures are described. The increasing use of implants to fix such fractures also necessitates extensive dissection for implant retrieval. Adequate reduction and minimal tissue trauma during implant placement and removal would be ideal modalities for fixation of such fractures. Methods All displaced type 2 lateral end clavicle fractures fulfilling our inclusion criteria were reduced with a small anterosuperior incision. Anteroposterior drill holes were made in both the fragments and a nonabsorabable polyester suture was passed through. The fracture was reduced and fixed with transacromial smooth Kirshner wires. The suture was tied with the knot superiorly in a figure-eight manner. The arm was supported in an arm pouch for six weeks. The Kirshner wire was routinely removed after six weeks in an out-patient department. Clinico-radiological outcome was studied at six weeks, and monthly intervals thereafter until union. Results All 16 fractures united. The mean average age of patients was 36.25 years with a SD of 11.35. There was no loss of reduction even after removal of Kirshner wires at six weeks. The mean average time of union was 10.75 weeks with a SD of 3.92. All patients regained near normal range of motion, and the mean average constant score at the end of one year was 98.37 with a SD of 2.87. All patients returned to preinjury level by the one-year follow-up. The range of motion remained the same in those who were followed up in successive years. Skin impingement with bent Kirshner wires were noted in four cases. Kirshner wires backed out in one case before six weeks but there was no loss of reduction. Infection and Kirshner wire breakage were not noted in our series. Conclusion The clinico-radiological outcomes with our modified tension band fixation for displaced type 2 lateral end clavicle fractures were encouraging and comparable with earlier studies.
“…To counter this one of the studies added a suture anchor or a simple non absorbable suture for coracoclavicular fixation. 15 In few cases they used a screw through the plate and fixed it to the coracoid. Loss of fixation in the distal fragment leading to implant failure, entry of screw into the AC joint and infection due to an extensive dissection are some of the possible complications.…”
Distal end clavicleNeer type 2 a b s t r a c t Management of fracture distal end clavicle has always puzzled the orthopaedic surgeons. Now-a-days with a relatively active lifestyle, patients want better results both cosmetically and functionally. Despite so much literature available for the management of this common fracture, there is no consensus regarding the gold standard treatment for this fracture. In this article, we reviewed the literature on various techniques of management for this fracture, both conservative as well as surgical, and their merits and demerits.
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