Preconception Care Utilization and its Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Adet, North-Western Ethiopia (Implication of Reproductive Health)

Abstract

Introduction: Preconception care is the entire ranges of measures to promote the health of the expectant mother and her child which includes health promotion and detecting pre-existing condition. Despite preconception care has different advantages on improving maternal and child health, utilization of preconception care utilization in developing countries is very low. Moreover; preconception care utilization by childbearing age group women in Ethiopia is not known or far too low. So, this study was aimed to assess utilization of preconception care and its associated factors among pregnant women in Adet, north western, Ethiopia. Methods: This community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Adet from March 1 to April 1, 2016. Data were collected using pre-tested structured questionnaire via face to face interview. The sampled 229 pregnant women were selected by simple random sampling technique. The collected data were entered, cleaned, checked using Epi-data version 3.1 and finally analyzed using SPSS version 20. Binary and multiple logistic regressions were computed in order to identify predictors using odds ratio at 95% confidence interval. Result: In this study, a total of 229 pregnant women participated with a response rate of 100%. Preconception care utilization by pregnant women was 9.6%. Women who attended secondary school or more were nearly 2 times more likely utilized preconception care than women who attended primary school or less (AOR; 1.8: CI; 1.4, 4.9). Women who were multiparous were 2.3 times more likely utilized preconception care than women who were primaparous (AOR; 2.3: CI; 2.1, 3.4). Conclusion and Recommendation: This study confirmed that utilization of pre-conception care is found to be low. Women' educational status, pregnancy intention, parity and age were factors affecting utilization of preconception care.

Knowledge and utilisation of preconception care and associated factors among women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Regarding geographical distribution of studies, four studies were from Oromia (30.7%) [ 16 , 18 , 23 , 27 ], four from Amhara (30.7%) [ 15 , 22 , 25 , 26 ], two from Tigray (15.4%) [ 21 , 24 ], two from (15.4%) SNNP[ 17 , 20 ] and one from AA (7.8%) [ 19 ]. Eleven of the included studies reported on knowledge[ 15 – 25 ], and six provided data on utilization of PCC[ 16 , 18 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 27 ] (Table 1 ). Once more, out of the thirteen included studies, eight had a quality score of eight, and the remaining five had a quality score of seven.…”

“…This study showed that the utilisation of PCC among women in Ethiopia was significantly associated with age (> 30 years) and knowledge of PCC. According to this meta-analysis, two primary studies identified that older age (> 30 years) was significantly associated with the utilisation of PCC [ 22 , 26 ]. Those women who were older (> 30 years) were approximately two and a half times (OR = 2.43, 95%CI, 1.30–4.53) higher concerning utilising PCC compared to their counterparts.…”

­Knowledge and behaviour about preconception care among women desiring conception, from tribal and non-tribal areas; a qualitative study using focused group discussions

“…There was not only lack of knowledge about PCC among women with diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity but there was also lack on intent for pre-conception health promotion and pregnancy planning among women in Hershey, United States [16]. About 15% women were aware about preconception folic acid supplementation in North-western Ethiopia [29]. Highest knowledge was in the area of RCH risk factors had and lowest about health promotion [26].…”

“…Knowledge on PCC is usually found to be associated with education, age of the woman, number of children, family planning measures, receipt of information, chronic health problems and monthly income in Zambia, Northwest Ethiopia and Nepal [10,25,29,31].…”

Why do women not prepare for pregnancy? Exploring women’s and health care providers’ views on barriers to uptake of preconception care in Mana District, Southwest Ethiopia: a qualitative study

“…For example, in France (15.8%) [ 16 ], data from the Maryland Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (13.5%) [ 17 ], Brazil (15.9%) [ 18 ], Iran (31.7%) [ 19 ], Southern Sri Lanka (27.2%) [ 20 ] and Nigeria (2.5%) [ 21 ]. In Ethiopia, despite the existence of different opportunities (health extension programs, expansion of health facilities along with human resources, linkage among health facilities, and the existence of community-based health insurance), little is known about PC, and the existing data showed that utilization of PC was very low [ 22 – 24 ]. Therefore, this study aimed to explore barriers to the uptake of preconception care from the perspectives of consumers and providers in the selected district, which helps to inform future interventions for increasing utilization of preconception care.…”