The health of pregnant mothers, infants, children, and adolescents is an important public health issue. Maternal and child health services such as prenatal care, primary and preventive care, immunizations, and medical treatment are vital, because they have the potential to make a difference in health status and health costs over a whole lifetime. The maternal and child health status indicators in this chapter include inadequate prenatal care, preconception health care coverage, unintended pregnancy, preconception overweight and obesity, birth defects, and infant mortality.