Precision of measures of saccadic eye movements and conventional psychomotor function tests

Mannion, M.F.; Lynch, Gordon S.; King, David J.

doi:10.1002/hup.470090105

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with previous studies which indicate that psychophysiological measures such as PSV have better reliability and consistency than those with more subjective components (Mannion et al 1994). The variation may also in part be due to the presence of adverse e¤ects within the haloperidol 6 mg group; good results were obtained from the 2 mg and 4 mg groups.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…While haloperidol is a relatively less sedating antipsychotic, it is observed to have a sedative e¤ect clinically and subjects do complain of sedation as a side e¤ect in healthy volunteer studies (King et al 1995). The clear and internally consistent PSV Þndings in this study tend to support the contention that the objectivity and low variability of PSV may allow it a measure of advantage over subjective measures such as VARS (Mannion et al 1994;Green et al 1996).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

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The effects of haloperidol on visual search, eye movements and psychomotor performance

et al. 1997

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The effects of single doses of haloperidol (2, 4 and 6 mg) were compared with lorazepam 2.5 mg and placebo in 15 healthy subjects. Visual search strategy was measured, along with a range of psychomotor and eye movement tests. Patients with Parkinson's disease have been shown to exhibit a shift from parallel to serial processing in visual search, but we demonstrated that this does not occur following administration of either haloperidol or lorazepam. Haloperidol was detected by visual analogue rating scales and peak saccadic velocity, the latter being the more sensitive measure. Haloperidol had no statistically significant effect on smooth pursuit position error, velocity error or saccadic intrusions. Digit symbol substitution performance was clearly diminished by haloperidol, but there was no effect on the continuous attention test. Lorazepam decreased performance in all tests apart from saccadic latency.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The effects of haloperidol on visual search, eye movements and psychomotor performance

et al. 1997

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“…VARS have been shown to be a sensitive measure in the past, but the intrinsic subjectivity of this test is of concern if it is used as the only measure of sedation in a study where measurement of relative levels of sedation is crucial to correct interpretation of the results. Measurement of the coefficient of variation of a range of psychomotor tests shows that peak saccadic velocity has a greater precision and reliability than VARS, DSST, choice reaction time or a derivative (Bond and Lader 1974) of the Norris VARS (Roy-Byrne et al 1993;Mannion et al 1994). Tests that incorporate an information processing or cognitive component had a higher coefficient of variation both within a study day and over the duration of a study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Tests that incorporate an information processing or cognitive component had a higher coefficient of variation both within a study day and over the duration of a study. Mannion et al (1994) therefore concluded that a psychophysiological measure such as peak saccadic velocity should always be included in a psychomotor test battery if the neurophysiological status of the brain is likely to be altered, e.g., by sedation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A comparison of the sedative and amnestic effects of chlorpromazine and lorazepam

Green¹,

McElholm²,

King³

1996

Psychopharmacology

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The effects of single doses of chlorpromazine (100 mg) and lorazepam (0.5, 1 and 2 mg) were compared with placebo in a battery of tests of information processing, working and semantic memory. Peak saccadic velocity was used to provide a precise and reliable measure of sedation and its results were found to be consistent with those using visual analogue rating scales. Chlorpromazine 100 mg was equally sedative to lorazepam 2 mg. Lorazepam caused dose-dependent deterioration in performance in many of the memory tests, whereas an equally sedative dose of chlorpromazine did not. These data therefore support the view that benzodiazepine-induced amnesia is not secondary to sedation. Peak saccadic velocity has considerable advantages over visual analogue scales as a measure of sedation, since it is objective and has a demonstrated low coefficient of variation. It is suggested that saccadic eye movement measurement will permit considerably more reliable and precise separation of the sedative and amnestic effects of drugs and will allow investigation of amnesia caused by clinically relevant doses of psychotropic drugs.

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“…The targets for saccades were presented at a fixed interval of 1.5 s (0.66 Hz), and were modelled on an angle of 35°. The principal measure was peak saccadic velocity (PSV) which, in our hands, has a coefficient of variation of between 2.9 and 4.3 % (Mannion, Lynch and King, 1994).…”

Section: Critical Flicker Fusion Threshold (Cfft)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of remoxipride and chlorpromazine on eye movements and psychomotor performance in healthy volunteers

et al. 1995

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Fifteen healthy male volunteers received single doses of 100 mg immediate release remoxipride (IR), 150 mg controlled release remoxipride (CR), 50 mg chlorpromazine (CPZ), 2 mg lorazepam (LZ), and placebo in a randomised, five-period cross-over study. Both saccadic (SEM) and smooth pursuit eye movements (SPEM) as well as a battery of psychomotor performance tests were assessed at 1.5-h intervals over 9 h following drug administration. The areas under the response-time curves and the maximum effect during the study period were analysed by analysis of variance. The most consistent impairments were produced by LZ. The neuroleptics caused impairments to SEM, and tended to impair critical flicker fusion, continuous attention and both paced and unpaced versions of the digit-symbol substitution test as well as subjective measures of sedation. Only LZ impaired SPEM. Neither paced nor unpaced psychomotor tests distinguished between neuroleptics and benzodiazepines. The low therapeutic doses of IR and CR produced similar impairments to a sub-therapeutic dose of CPZ. Selectivity of pharmacological action does not appear to predict selectivity of effect on psychomotor function.

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Precision of measures of saccadic eye movements and conventional psychomotor function tests

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

The effects of haloperidol on visual search, eye movements and psychomotor performance

The effects of haloperidol on visual search, eye movements and psychomotor performance

A comparison of the sedative and amnestic effects of chlorpromazine and lorazepam

The effects of remoxipride and chlorpromazine on eye movements and psychomotor performance in healthy volunteers

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