Precision modeling of JWST's first cluster lens SMACSJ0723.3-7327

Mahler, Guillaume; Jauzac, Mathilde; Richard, Johan; Beauchesne, Benjamin; Ebeling, H.; Lagattuta, David J.; Natarajan, Priyamvada; Sharon, Keren; Atek, Hakim; Claeyssens, Adélaïde; Clément, Benjamin; Eckert, D.; Edge, A. C.; Kneib, Jean-Paul; Niemiec, Anna

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2207.07101

Cited by 27 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In summary, 48 secured images of 16 separate sources were identified, including 5 spectroscopic redshifts. TheMahler et al (2022) SL model reproduces all systems with a residual lens plane RMS of ∼ 0.7 between the predicted and observed locations of all images.…”

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confidence: 65%

“…Our final sample is based on all candidates that satisfy the three selection methods and whose photometric redshifts from the two SED fits are in agreement. To determine the intrinsic luminosity of galaxies and account for potential multiple images, we use the one of the latest lensing models of SMACS 0723 produced from the same JWST data set in a companion paper (Mahler et al 2022). The measured amplification factors range from 1 to ∼ 4, which gives us a lensing boost up to 1.5 magnitudes in the best case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to compute the gravitational magnifications of our objects, we use the most recent strong lensing mass model by Mahler et al (2022). The model was built using the lenstool (Kneib et al 1996;Jullo et al 2007;Jullo & Kneib 2009) The cumulated surface area of magnification according to the model is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Lensing Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mass parameters of the dPIE profile (velocity dispersion 𝜎, core radius r core , cut radius r cut ) are scaled according to the luminosity L * of a reference galaxy using a constant mass-to-light ratio.The SL constraints used inMahler et al (2022) are based on the released JWST/NIRCam images (cf. section 2), and make use of spectroscopic redshifts measured with public data from the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE;Bacon et al 2010) on ESO's Very Large Telescope (VLT) byGolubchik et al (2022) and with JWST/NIRSpec data inMahler et al (2022). In summary, 48 secured images of 16 separate sources were identified, including 5 spectroscopic redshifts.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Revealing Galaxy Candidates out to $z \sim 16$ with JWST Observations of the Lensing Cluster SMACS0723

Atek¹,

Shuntov²,

Furtak³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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One of the main goals of the JWST is to study the first galaxies in the Universe. We present a systematic photometric analysis of very distant galaxies in the first JWST deep field towards the massive lensing cluster SMACS0723. As a result, we report the discovery of two galaxy candidates at 𝑧 ∼ 16, only 250 million years after the Big Bang. We also identify two candidates at 𝑧 ∼ 12 and 11 candidates at 𝑧 ∼ 10 − 11. Our search extended out to 𝑧 21 by combining color information across seven NIRCam and NIRISS filters. By modelling the Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) with EAZY and BEAGLE, we test the robustness of the photometric redshift estimates. While their intrinsic (un-lensed) luminosity is typical of the characteristic luminosity L * at 𝑧 > 10, our high-redshift galaxies typically show small sizes and their morphologies are consistent with disks in some cases. The highest-redshift candidates have extremely blue UV-continuum slopes −3 < 𝛽 < −2.5, young ages ∼ 10 − 100 Myr, and stellar masses log(𝑀 ★ /M ) = 8.4 − 8.8 inferred from their SED modeling which indicate a rapid build-up of their stellar mass. Our search clearly demonstrates the capabilities of JWST to uncover robust photometric candidates up to very high redshifts, and peer into the formation epoch of the first galaxies.

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confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lensing Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revealing Galaxy Candidates out to $z \sim 16$ with JWST Observations of the Lensing Cluster SMACS0723

Atek¹,

Shuntov²,

Furtak³

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Interestingly, two objects (6355 and 10612) display almost identical redshifts. These objects are however far from the centre of the cluster, and are not listed as multiple images in any currently available lensing analysis of this field (Mahler et al 2022;Pascale et al 2022;Caminha et al 2022).…”

Section: Spectroscopic Redshift Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A first look at the SMACS0723 JWST ERO: spectroscopic redshifts, stellar masses and star-formation histories

Carnall¹,

Begley²,

McLeod³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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We present a first-look analysis of the JWST ERO data in the SMACS J0723.3-7327 cluster field. We begin by reporting 10 new spectroscopic redshifts from 𝜆 obs = 1.8 − 5.2𝜇m NIRSpec medium-resolution (𝑅 = 𝜆/Δ𝜆 = 1000) data. These are all determined via multiple high-SNR emission line detections, with 5 objects at 1 < 𝑧 < 3 displaying multiple rest-frame near-infrared Hydrogen Paschen lines, and 5 objects at 5 < 𝑧 < 9 displaying rest-frame optical Oxygen and Hydrogen Balmer lines. For the 5 higher-redshift galaxies we extract fluxes in 6 NIRCam bands spanning 𝜆 obs = 0.8 − 5𝜇m and perform spectral energy distribution fitting using these data in combination with existing HST photometry. The 7 < 𝑧 < 9 objects exhibit a U-shaped pattern across the F277W, F356W and F444W bands, indicating the presence of a Balmer break seen in emission (Balmer jump) and high-equivalent-width [O ] emission. This is indicative of an extremely young stellar population, with the bulk of the current mass having formed within the past 10 Myr. We report robust stellar masses and mean stellar ages from our spectral fitting, with the four 𝑧 > 6 galaxies exhibiting low stellar masses from log 10 (𝑀 * /M ) = 7.4 − 8.6 and correspondingly young mean stellar ages of only a few Myr. This work highlights the critical importance of combining large upcoming NIRCam surveys with NIRSpec follow-up to measure the spectroscopic redshifts necessary to robustly constrain physical parameters.

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First JWST observations of a gravitational lens

Caminha

Suyu

Mercurio

et al. 2022

A&A

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We present our lens mass model of SMACS J0723.3−7327, the first strong gravitational lens observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We use data from the Hubble Space Telescope and the Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) to build our ‘pre-JWST’ lens model and then refine it with newly available JWST near-infrared imaging in our JWST model. To reproduce the positions of all multiple lensed images with good accuracy, the adopted mass parameterisation consists of one cluster-scale component, accounting mainly for the dark matter distribution, the galaxy cluster members, and an external shear component. The pre-JWST model has, as constraints, 19 multiple images from six background sources, of which four have secure spectroscopic redshift measurements from this work. The JWST model has more than twice the number of constraints: 30 additional multiple images from another 11 lensed sources. Both models can reproduce the multiple image positions very well, with a δrms of 0.″39 and 0.″51 for the pre-JWST and JWST models, respectively. The total mass estimates within a radius of 128 kpc (roughly the Einstein radius) are 7.9−0.2+0.3 × 1013 M⊙ and 8.7−0.2+0.2 × 1013 M⊙ for the pre-JWST and JWST models, respectively. We predict with our mass models the redshifts of the newly detected JWST sources, which is crucial information, especially for systems without spectroscopic measurements, for further studies and follow-up observations. Interestingly, one family detected with JWST is found to be at a very high redshift, z > 7.5 (68% confidence level), and with one image that has a lensing magnification of |μ| = 9.5−0.8+0.9, making it an interesting case for future studies. The lens models, including magnification maps and redshifts estimated from the model, are made publicly available, along with the full spectroscopic redshift catalogue from MUSE.

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Precision modeling of JWST's first cluster lens SMACSJ0723.3-7327

Cited by 27 publications

References 52 publications

Revealing Galaxy Candidates out to $z \sim 16$ with JWST Observations of the Lensing Cluster SMACS0723

Revealing Galaxy Candidates out to $z \sim 16$ with JWST Observations of the Lensing Cluster SMACS0723

A first look at the SMACS0723 JWST ERO: spectroscopic redshifts, stellar masses and star-formation histories

First JWST observations of a gravitational lens

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