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Young, Linda; Hill, W. T.; Sibener, S. J.; Price, S. D.; Tanner, Carol E.; Wieman, Carl; Leone, Stephen R.

doi:10.1103/physreva.50.2174

Cited by 118 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The indirect measurement results include those obtained from the value of the van der Waals C 6 coefficient deduced from high-resolution Feshbach spectroscopy [24]; from the Cs 6S 1/2 static dipole polarizability measured in an atomic fountain experiment [25]; [27,28] and from high-resolution spectroscopy of photoassociated cold atoms [27,28]. On average, the direct measurements give slightly higher lifetime values compared to the indirect techniques, although the measurement reported by Young et al [23] aligns well with the results of the indirect techniques. The weighted mean of all the results shown in Table II is 30.421 (26) ns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In general the theoretical results align most closely with the indirect experimental techniques [24,25] as well as with ref. [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only recently has a comparison approaching the 0.1% level in heavy alkali atoms become possible due to advances in relativistic manybody perturbation theory such as the all-order method [5,6,22]. Previous direct high-precision measurements of the Cs 6P 3/2 lifetime employed position-correlated photon counting in a fast Cs beam with a reported value of 30.57(7) ns [7] and time-correlated single-photon counting in a thermal Cs beam resulting in a value of 30.41 (10) ns [23]. Indirect methods have also obtained precise lifetimes of the 6P 3/2 state using the value of the van der Waals C 6 coefficient [24] and from the Cs 6S 1/2 static dipole polarizability [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifetime measurement of the cesium6P3/2level using ultrafast pump-probe laser pulses

et al. 2015

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Using the inherent timing stability of pulses from a mode-locked laser, we have precisely measured the cesium 6P 3/2 excited state lifetime. An initial pump pulse excites cesium atoms in two counterpropagating atomic beams to the 6P 3/2 level. A subsequent synchronized probe pulse ionizes atoms which remain in the excited state, and the photo-ions are collected and counted. By selecting pump pulses which vary in time with respect to the probe pulses, we obtain a sampling of the excited state population in time, resulting in a lifetime value of 30.462(46) ns. The measurement uncertainty (0.15%) is slightly larger than our previous report of 0.12% [Phys. Rev. A 84, 010501(R) (2011)] due to the inclusion of additional data and systematic errors. In this follow-up paper we present details of the primary systematic errors encountered in the measurement, which include atomic motion within the intensity profiles of the laser beams, quantum beating in the photo-ion signal, and radiation trapping. Improvements to further reduce the experimental uncertainty are also discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…In general the theoretical results align most closely with the indirect experimental techniques [24,25] as well as with ref. [23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lifetime measurement of the cesium6P3/2level using ultrafast pump-probe laser pulses

et al. 2015

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“…Because of this, new and more accurate ways of measuring excited state lifetimes are constantly being investigated. Previous methods include time-correlated single photon techniques [4,5,6,7,8,9], beam-foil experiments [5], fast beam measurements [10,11], electron-photon delayed coincidence techniques [12,13], luminescent decay [14,15], linewidth measurements [16], photoassociative spectroscopy [17], and quantum jump methods [18].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Precision lifetime measurements of a single trapped ion with ultrafast laser pulses

et al. 2006

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We report precision measurements of the excited state lifetime of the 5p 2 P 1/2 and 5p 2 P 3/2 levels of a single trapped Cd + ion. The ion is excited with picosecond laser pulses from a mode-locked laser and the distribution of arrival times of spontaneously emitted photons is recorded. The resulting lifetimes are 3.148 ± 0.011 ns and 2.647 ± 0.010 ns for 2 P 1/2 and 2 P 3/2 respectively. With a total uncertainty of under 0.4%, these are among the most precise measurements of any atomic state lifetimes to date. Here we report excited state lifetime measurements using a time-correlated single photon counting technique on a single atom. This method, designed especially to eliminate common systematic errors, involves selective excitation of a single trapped ion to a particular excited state (lifetime of order nanoseconds) by an ultrafast laser pulse (duration of order picoseconds). Arrival of the spontaneously-emitted photon from the ion is correlated in time with the excitation pulse, and the excited state lifetime is extracted from the distribution of time delays from many such events.By performing the experiment on a single trapped ion, we are able to eliminate prevalent systematic errors, such as: pulse pileup that causes multiple photons to be collected within the time resolution of the detector, radiation trapping or the absorption and re-emission of radiation by neighboring atoms, atoms disappearing from view before decaying, and subradiance or superradiance arising from coherent interactions with nearby atoms. By using ultrafast laser pulses, we eliminate potential effects from applied light during the measurement interval.With this setup, at most one photon can be emitted following an excitation pulse. While this feature is instrumental in eliminating the above systematic errors, it would appear that this signal would require large integration times for reasonable statistical uncertainties. However, with a lifetime of only a few nanoseconds, millions FIG. 1: The experimental apparatus. (a) A picosecond mode locked Ti:Saph laser is tuned to four times the resonant wavelength for either the 5p 2 P 1/2 or the 5p 2 P 3/2 level of Cd + . Each pulse is then frequency-quadrupled through non-linear crystals, filtered from the fundamental and second harmonic, and directed to the ion. An amplified cw diode laser is also frequency quadrupled and tuned just red of the 2 P 3/2 transition for Doppler cooling of the ion within the trap. Acoustooptic modulators (AOM) are used to switch on and off the lasers as described in the text. Photons emitted from the ion are collected by an f /2.1 imaging lens and directed toward a photon-counting photo multiplier tube (PMT). The output of the PMT provides the start pulse for the time to digital converter (TDC), whereas the stop pulse is provided by the reference clock of the mode-locked laser. of such excitations can be performed each second, thus potentially allowing sufficient data for a statistical error of under 0.1% to be collected in a matter of minutes [6].A diagram of th...

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“…The well-known D-transition from the ground state to the 6P manifold is strong, in particular the D 1 transitions of 133 Cs with a frequency of 335.116 THz (wavelength λ = 895 nm) that consist of four isolated hyperfine transitions. The excited state has a narrow intrinsic linewidth with Γ 0 = 2π × 4.56 MHz, and a large polarizability at resonance [27][28][29] . In the ground state, the well-known hyperfine splitting of 9.193 GHz defines the unit of time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic hybridization of narrow atomic cesium resonances and photonic stop gaps of opaline nanostructures

et al. 2015

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We study a hybrid system consisting of a narrowband atomic optical resonance and the long-range periodic order of an opaline photonic nanostructure. To this end, we have infiltrated atomic cesium vapor in a thin silica opal photonic crystal. With increasing temperature, the frequencies of the opal's reflectivity peaks shift down by > 20% due to chemical reduction of the silica. Simultaneously, the photonic bands and gaps shift relative to the fixed near-infrared cesium D1 transitions. As a result the narrow atomic resonances with high finesse (ω/∆ω = 8 · 10 5 ) dramatically change shape from a usual dispersive shape at the blue edge of a stop gap, to an inverted dispersion lineshape at the red edge of a stop gap. The lineshape, amplitude, and off-resonance reflectivity are well modeled with a transfer-matrix model that includes the dispersion and absorption of Cs hyperfine transitions and the chemically-reduced opal. An ensemble of atoms in a photonic crystal is an intriguing hybrid system that features narrow defect-like resonances with a strong dispersion, with potential applications in slow light, sensing and optical memory.

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Precision lifetime measurements of Cs 6p2P1/2

Cited by 118 publications

References 23 publications

Lifetime measurement of the cesium6P3/2level using ultrafast pump-probe laser pulses

Lifetime measurement of the cesium6P3/2level using ultrafast pump-probe laser pulses

Precision lifetime measurements of a single trapped ion with ultrafast laser pulses

Nanophotonic hybridization of narrow atomic cesium resonances and photonic stop gaps of opaline nanostructures

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