Past few years have witnessed great progress in energy storage technology and material characterization methods, which stimulated the development of novel energy storage devices suitable for largescale industrial applications. [1][2][3][4] Among all the energy conversion avenues, electrochemical means have the advantages of environmental benignity, high transforming efficiency, and long lifespan, which are expected to overcome the intrinsic shortcomings of directly unavailable renewable energy sources such as wind power, tidal power, and solar energy, whose defects often lie in distribution inhomogeneity and space-time limitations across the world. [5] So, a large variety of electrochemical energy storage devices emerges as urgently demanded in reality during the past two centuries to meet different requirements in social production and residential lives. Particularly, secondary battery technology, also called rechargeable battery, is a reliable type of electrochemical system with ability to charge and discharge repeatedly taking advantage of reversible chemical reactions. [6,7] In contrast to primary battery first designed by Alessandro Volta in 1799, rechargeable battery systems such as nickel-metal hydride batteries, [8] nickel-cadmium batteries, [9] lead-acid batteries, [10] lithium-ion batteries (LIB), and polymer LIBs [11] have huge potential to apply in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles (EV), implantable medical equipments, and static smart power grid due to their distinct advantages of durability, energy density, and cost performance. Accordingly, many of these have achieved great success in market during the past few decades. Specially, LIB, served as a milestone in electrochemical energy storage technology history for humankind and first commercialized by Sony in 1991 with a configuration of cobalt oxide cathodes and graphite anodes, [12] has been widely deployed in 3C (Computer, Communication, Consumer electronics products) fields to revolutionize our modern life so far.As shown in Figure 1, the working mechanism of LIBs usually follows a typical "rocking chair" style, which is featured by the reversible charge-carrier (alkali metal ion) separation and recombination at the electrode/electrolyte interface in host materials including cathodes and anodes. [7] To be specific, when exerted