Precise surface control of cathode materials for stable lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Precise surface control of cathode materials for stable Li-ion batteries: materials design, kinetics control and stabilization mechanism.

Surface Lattice Modulation through Chemical Delithiation toward a Stable Nickel-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode

“…Accordingly, surface coating is a straightforward protocol that has been generally resorted to for NLO stabilization. , Despite the intense recent efforts on surface engineering of NLOs, a clear picture of the surface physicochemical properties and their corresponding functions remains very scarce due to the complicated nature of the surface, which is meanwhile vulnerable to environmental conditions. − On the one hand, the NLO powder has undesirable high sensitivity to both air and moisture . This setback makes the surface treatment of NLO materials a challenging process due to the facile irreversible structural damage, which is particularly troublesome as most water-based procedures become inappropriate . On the other hand, the NLO surface properties are complex, especially considering their high thermal and chemical instability, which makes it difficult to achieve a precise control of the surface structure with clear morphological characters and mediate the structure-performance analysis .…”

Molten Salt Driven Conversion Reaction Enabling Lithiophilic and Air‐Stable Garnet Surface for Solid‐State Lithium Batteries

“…The rapid expansion of electric vehicles (EVs) and intelligent electronics calls for advanced energy‐storage system with both high energy density and reliable safety. [ 1 − 5 ] The conventional lithium‐ion batteries equipped with liquid electrolytes and graphite anodes face serious safety hazards including electrolyte combustion or explosion due to the uncontrollable thermal runaway. [ 6,7 ] In addition, the energy density for liquid batteries has almost reached the bottleneck, which cannot meet the ever‐increasing requirement of EV battery in the future.…”

Low-temperature lithium-ion batteries: challenges and progress of surface/interface modifications for advanced performance

“…Some researchers have summarized the current developments in low-temperature LIBs from different perspectives, such as the development of electrode materials, the design of electrolytes and the exploration of novel battery systems. 10,12,[23][24][25] Besides electrodes and electrolytes, more attention should be paid to the electrode/electrolyte interface, [26][27][28][29] considering that interfacial charge transfer resistance accounts for the majority of cell resistance at subzero temperatures. Since the charge transfer process occurs at the electrode/electrolyte interface, the surface/interface properties greatly influence the charge transfer kinetics, as well as the corresponding low-temperature performance of LIBs.…”