Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae)

Lah, Ernieenor Faraliana Che; Yaakop, Salmah; Ahamad, Mariana; George, Ernna; Nor, Shukor Md.

doi:10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.05.003

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Notably, ecological variables and geographical distance did not explain the local patterns of differentiation observed in H. hystricis . This finding is in agreeable with previous studies which reported that short range movement of on-host ticks could explain for the low intraspecific value and similarity of ticks from some localities in Peninsular Malaysia (Fajs et al 2012; Ernieenor et al 2016). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…The cytochrome oxidase subunit I ( COI ) is the most frequently used marker and produced highly standard barcode for identification of almost all animal (Hebert et al 2003). Due to higher mutation rate, maternal inheritance and haploid nature, the mtDNA encoded COI gene has been identified as a species-level marker for phylogenetic and taxonomic studies of arthropods including ticks (Casati et al 2008; Lv et al 2014; Ernieenor et al 2016). Caparole et al (1995) in their study has proven that mtDNA sequences were useful for unraveling the systematics of Ixodes ticks while Cakic et al (2014) successfully discriminated and characterized the COI gene of I. ricinus ticks in Serbia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phenotypic and genotypic identification of hard ticks of the genus Haemaphysalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Peninsular Malaysia

2017

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Morphotaxonomy based on phenotypic traits of immature hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) is a skill challenge and has prompted many inexperienced acarologists to adopt DNA-based methods for identifying and discriminating the species. The aim of this study is therefore to utilize COI gene for verifying the morphological status of Haemaphysalis ticks in Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 19 on-host ticks collected from four localities were first identified using specific illustrated taxonomic keys that lead to the genus of Haemaphysalis. Genotypic traits of tick species were then verified molecularly based on cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. Clustering analysis was carried out by constructing a phylogenetic tree to determine the genetic variation and diversity of local Haemaphysalis ticks. Based on external morphological characterizations, all immature ticks were successfully identified down to the genus level only. Molecular analysis of the genotypic using COI gene revealed 16 individuals (84%) as Haemaphysalis hystricis, and three individuals as H. humerosa with sequence homology of 97–99 and 86–87%, respectively. Haemaphysalis hystricis were clustered in their respective monophyletic group in the phylogeny trees with a bootstrap of 100%. Furthermore, a low intraspecific variation (<0.3%) was observed among Malaysian H. hystricis but high interspecific value (>15%) recorded. This study morphologically and molecularly confirms the presence of H. hystricis in Malaysia and the findings will add value to the existing knowledge in identification of ticks in this country.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and genotypic identification of hard ticks of the genus Haemaphysalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Peninsular Malaysia

2017

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“…Sequence and phylogenetic analyses based on partial 16S rDNA and COI genes confirmed the presence of I. granulatus in this study. The I. granulatus in this study showed low intraspecific genetic variation for both partial 16S rDNA and COI sequences, consistent with previous findings on Malaysian I. granulatus (Ernieenor et al 2016). However, the molecular marker sequences from the previous study was not publicly available, therefore we are unable to investigate the intraspecific variations between I. granulatus from this and the previous study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Ixodes granulatus was the most common tick species found in both study areas as this species was known to infest mammalian hosts such as rodents, and shrews (Nadchatram 2008;Chao et al 2009;2011;Madinah et al 2011;Ernieenor et al 2016). I. granulatus have been reported to host and possibly transmit a number of tick-borne pathogens, including Rickettsia and Borrelia (Kollars et al 2001;Graves & Stenos 2003;Chao et al 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Prevalence of on-host ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in small mammals collected from forest near to human vicinity in Selangor, Malaysia

Ishak

Yusof

Md-Nor

et al. 2018

saa

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Ticks are important vectors that transmit a variety of pathogenic microorganisms known to be medically important worldwide. Many vertebrate groups have become host to this organism, and their presence and abundance are an indicator of the condition of both host and its habitat. This study was conducted to determine tick’s infestation and its prevalence on small mammal’s residing in the recreational forests (RF) and semi-urban (SU) residential areas which have encountered Leptospirosis outbreak and cases in Hulu Langat, Selangor Malaysia. Trapping of the small mammals involved deploying two hundred cage traps in a systematic one-hectare plot (100 m x 100 m), as well as along the stream and forest trails at random. Ticks were extracted from the captured individual hosts. Identification of the tick species was performed based on morphological features and molecular approach using 16S rDNA and COI (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) genes. A total of 278 individuals of small mammals belonging to 15 species (13 Rodentia, 1 Scandentia and 1 Insectivora) were captured in the study areas. From these, 34 individuals from eight small mammal species were infested with ticks. The most infested host species was Muller’s giant Sunda rat (Sundamys muelleri) with 5.80% (n=16). Ticks prevalence was slightly higher in RF with 6.40% (n=18) compared to SU with 5.80% (n=16). A total of 107 adult ticks (103 female and 4 male) were collected from the infested host. Ixodes granulatus was the most dominant tick species encountered (70.40%, n=85), followed by Dermacentor sp. (18.60%, n=20), while Amblyomma sp. was the least abundant (2%, n=2). This study provides information on tick species present and tick burden on small mammal hosts within the study areas. Our findings suggest that the visitors to the recreational forests and the residents of the semi-urban area were not only exposed to Leptospirosis bacteria but also tick bites and potentially tick-borne disease, therefore, precaution should be taken to avoid contact with small mammal hosts.

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“…After generating the phylogenetic tree, one of the current study isolates (MG551988) showed high nucleotide similarity by 100% with Indian and Iranian isolates and very close placement to those isolates on the tree. This indicates that this isolate might belong geographically to the Indian region because importation and moving of animals and immigration of birds might play roles in transporting ticks from India to these countries (24,25). The second isolate (MG551987) of the present study is clustered alone by itself.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and phylogenetic study of Hyalomma anatolicum in Al-Najaf, Iraq

Alfatlawi¹,

Ali²,

Albayati³

2019

IJVS

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Studies had been previously conducted to genetically identify species of ticks in Iraq. Therefore, the current investigational study was conducted to recognize the species of 50 ticks collected from infested skin of cattle. The current study defined the ticks to be from Hyalomma genus depending on their morphological features. Using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit  (Cox) gene, 16 ticks were further confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Two PCR products were subjected to DNA sequencing to name the species of the ticks and compare them to some other known ticks in neighbor and world countries. The sequencing results identified the ticks to be Hyalomma anatolicum. One isolate is closely similar to Indian and Iranian isolates, and the other isolate is clustered alone by itself. The results indicated that H. anatolicum is one of the widespread ticks that affect cattle in Al Najaf province, Iraq.

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Precise identification of different stages of a tick, Ixodes granulatus Supino, 1897 (Acari: Ixodidae)

Cited by 27 publications

References 35 publications

Phenotypic and genotypic identification of hard ticks of the genus Haemaphysalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Peninsular Malaysia

Phenotypic and genotypic identification of hard ticks of the genus Haemaphysalis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Peninsular Malaysia

Prevalence of on-host ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in small mammals collected from forest near to human vicinity in Selangor, Malaysia

Morphological and phylogenetic study of Hyalomma anatolicum in Al-Najaf, Iraq

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