Precise and Prompt Analyte Detection via Ordered Orientation of Receptor in WSe2-Based Field Effect Transistor

Abstract

Field-effect transistors (FET) composed of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) materials have gained huge importance as biosensors due to their added advantage of high sensitivity and moderate bandgap. However, the true potential of these biosensors highly depends upon the quality of TMDC material, as well as the orientation of receptors on their surfaces. The uncontrolled orientation of receptors and screening issues due to crossing the Debye screening length while functionalizing TMDC materials is a big challenge in this field. To address these issues, we introduce a combination of high-quality monolayer WSe2 with our designed Pyrene-based receptor moiety for its ordered orientation onto the WSe2 FET biosensor. A monolayer WSe2 sheet is utilized to fabricate an ideal FET for biosensing applications, which is characterized via Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and electrical prob station. Our construct can sensitively detect our target protein (streptavidin) with 1 pM limit of detection within a short span of 2 min, through a one-step functionalizing process. In addition to having this ultra-fast response and high sensitivity, our biosensor can be a reliable platform for point-of-care-based diagnosis.

Wearable and implantable bioelectronics as eco‐friendly and patient‐friendly integrated nanoarchitectonics for next‐generation smart healthcare technology

“…Conformal contact with tissue surfaces allows fabricated devices to monitor physiological signals in the human body continuously and closely, as well as detect disease biomarkers in a nonintrusive manner 131 . In addition, the selectivity of bioelectronics as a sensor for disease biomarkers can be improved by using various types of bioreceptors, such as antibodies, aptamers, and peptides/proteins, improving the potential for bioelectronic systems to be applied to healthcare 132–139 . Last, the mixture of gases and vapors of human breath has potential as a completely noninvasive and safe target for health diagnosis and monitoring 140,141 .…”

“…131 In addition, the selectivity of bioelectronics as a sensor for disease biomarkers can be improved by using various types of bioreceptors, such as antibodies, aptamers, and peptides/proteins, improving the potential for bioelectronic systems to be applied to healthcare. [132][133][134][135][136][137][138][139] Last, the mixture of gases and vapors of human breath has potential as a completely noninvasive and safe target for health diagnosis and monitoring. 140,141 By detecting volatile biomarkers present in the breath, follow-up for a patient's health can be assessed.…”

A Review of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Biosensors

“…Due to the lack of dangling bonds on the TMDC surface, it is difficult to functionalize the surface through covalent interactions. At present, the covalent linkage of TMDCs is mainly achieved through the following three ways: the gold sulfhydryl bond, the π-π coordination covalent bond ( Zafar et al, 2022 ), and sulfur vacancies ( Li et al, 2022a ) on the surface of TMDCs after pretreatment.…”

Aptamer-Based Sensors for Thrombin Detection Application

“…In addition to various sensing strategies for thrombin detection which are based on fluorescent, colorimetric and electrochemical methods (as listed in Table 1), there are many researchers that have creatively developed multifarious neotype aptamer sensors [96][97][98][99]. For example, Ma et al, developed a liquid crystals detector on the basis of the phenomenon that the binding process of thrombin and aptamer would affect the orientational transition of liquid crystals due to the electrostatic interaction between the aptamer and octadecyltrimethylammonium bromide [100].…”