Precise Actuation of Bilayer Photomechanical Films Coated with Molecular Azobenzene Chromophores

Liu, Ziyi; Tang, Rong; Xu, Dandan; Liu, Jian; Yu, Haifeng

doi:10.1002/marc.201500177

Cited by 48 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Irradiation from a unique light source, the changes in polarity, free volume, and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of photo-responsive hydrogel actuators endow them with the corresponding possibility of motion. As reported, typical photo-driven hydrogels were synthesized by introducing photo-sensitive chromophores, such as azobenzene (due to their cis-trans photo-isomerization) 108 or spiropyran (ring opening and closing photo-isomerization) 109,110 into the side or main chains of polymers. Additionally, photothermal conversion materials dispersed in thermally responsive hydrogel matrices have been demonstrated to be sufficient for transferring the energy from visible or near-infrared light to thermal energy, further resulting in a volume phase transition of hydrogels.…”

Section: Stimulation Of "Smart" Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in polymeric shape memory hydrogels and hydrogel actuators

et al. 2019

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Section: Stimulation Of "Smart" Hydrogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in polymeric shape memory hydrogels and hydrogel actuators

et al. 2019

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“…The calculated bending stress rapidly increased to 60 KPa when the voltage was applied on. After turning the power off, the film stress rapidly recovered in the initial state . The bending stress variation further illustrated the bending process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Electrothermal Actuator on Graphene Bilayer Film

Sang

Zhao

Tang

et al. 2017

Macro Materials & Eng

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AC) stimuli. Xiao et al. [30] fabricated a graphene/poly(vinyldene fluoride) (PVDF) bilayer actuator by coating of PVDF solution onto a porous graphene paper. The hybrid film exhibited electrodriven vibration having rapid response rate, large displacement, and durable stability. In those electrothermal actuators, Joule heating was generated when electric current passed through the graphene film. Then the thermal expansion resulted in the large amount of deflection of the graphene/ polymer bilayer film. Polymer actuator is advantageous because of its high sensitivity, low energy input, and larger expansion rate. In this work, reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-based actuator was fabricated by spin-coating a reduced graphene oxide solution onto a polymer substrate obtaining a bilayer structure actuator. Poly dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or polyethylene (PE) polymer substrate was used to support the electric-heated RGO layer and enlarge the thermal expansion deformation. [31] The bilayer film showed responsive bending motion under DC or AC voltage driving. Several actuate modes were proposed according to the bilayer structure design and driving current control. Experimental Section Preparation of RGOGraphite powder (2 g) was added into 46 mL of concentrated H 2 SO 4 , followed by adding 1 g NaNO 3 into above mixture under stirring and cooling in an ice bath condition. The mixture was continuous stirred while 6 g KMnO 4 was added slowly to keep the temperature of mixture below 5 °C. Then the mixture was kept at 35 °C for 30 min, followed by adding 90 mL deionized water while stirring, and the temperature would rise up to 95 °C. The mixture was kept stirring for a further 30 min, and 100 mL deionized water and 10 mL 30% H 2 O 2 were added in sequence. The oxidized material was then washed with 1:10 (v:v) HCl solution one time and deionized water three times to remove metal ions, followed by centrifugation. The collected product was dried in a vacuum drying oven at 45 °C.To obtain RGO, the as-synthesized GO powder (10 mg) was suspended in 20 mL of distilled water by ultrasonication until a yellowish-brown colloid was obtained. Subsequently, few drops of ammonia solution (35%) were added to increase the pH up to 8 allowing stability of the sheets. 15 µL hydrazine hydrate (0.1 m) solution was added to the above solution and refluxed at 98 °C for 100 min in a water bath, affording the formation Electrothermal Actuator Electrodriven bilayer actuator is designed and fabricated by spin-coating a reduced graphene oxide solution onto a polymer substrate. The bonded interface properties, electrical and thermal conductivities are characterized through scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The bilayer actuator exhibits fast and large bending response when a direct current voltage is applied to the graphene layer. Whereas it exhibits oscillation when an alternating current voltage is applied to the bilayer actuator. The effects of the layer structure and the electro-operation methods on the bending motions are studied. Two new ...

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“…Furthermore, translational motions like inchworms were induced along with repeated bending–unbending for laminated films with asymmetric shapes of edges (sharp and flat) . Various types of bilayer samples have recently been developed under the concept of photoinduced volume change by the use of photoactive layers consisting of post‐crosslinked LCPs and low‐molecular‐weight azobenzenes …”

Section: Structures Of Photomobile Polymer Materials From Nano To Macromentioning

confidence: 99%

Photomobile Polymer Materials with Complex 3D Deformation, Continuous Motions, Self‐Regulation, and Enhanced Processability

Ube

Ikeda

2019

Advanced Optical Materials

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Liquid‐crystalline polymers with photodeformable properties have been extensively studied due to their ability of wireless conversion of light energy into mechanical work. With the development of crosslinked liquid‐crystalline polymers, various 3D motions, such as bending, twisting, oscillation, rotation, and translational motion have been successfully induced. Recent trends for developing soft robots and microrobots accelerate the progress of photomobile polymer materials. This review is focused on recent advances in the field of photomobile materials based on liquid‐crystalline polymers. The structure–function relationship in photomobile polymer materials is overviewed, and the progress in recent years is detailed in terms of complex 3D deformation, continuous motions, self‐regulation, and processability.

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Precise Actuation of Bilayer Photomechanical Films Coated with Molecular Azobenzene Chromophores

Cited by 48 publications

References 34 publications

Trends in polymeric shape memory hydrogels and hydrogel actuators

Trends in polymeric shape memory hydrogels and hydrogel actuators

Electrothermal Actuator on Graphene Bilayer Film

Photomobile Polymer Materials with Complex 3D Deformation, Continuous Motions, Self‐Regulation, and Enhanced Processability

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