Precipitation of Urinary Phosphate

Başakçılardan-Kabakçı, Sibel; İpekoğlu, A. Nursen; Talınlı, İlhan

doi:10.1089/ees.2006.0136

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The results of this work indicate that the recovery of phosphorus from source‐separated urine by struvite precipitation could benefit from ion‐exchange pretreatment. In bench‐scale studies on struvite precipitation in urine on other solutions, the presence of Ca adversely impacted struvite precipitation through inhibiting nucleation, decreasing mineral purity, and decreasing particle size . The selective removal of Ca from fresh urine by ion‐exchange softening would thereby decrease the impacts of Ca on struvite precipitation.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the chemistry of human urine is central to addressing operating problems with waterless urinals and achieving practical urine source separation. Representative compositions of fresh and hydrolyzed human urine are reported in the literature . The composition of human urine can vary for one individual throughout the day and between individuals because of diet, fluid intake, exercise, and other factors .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ion‐exchange softening of human urine to control precipitation

Boyer

Taylor

Reed

et al. 2013

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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A major barrier to widespread implementation of urine source-separation is the uncontrolled precipitation of magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) minerals in waterless urinal plumbing, which results in clogging that increases maintenance requirements. The goal of this research was to investigate the use of ion-exchange softening of undiluted, fresh human urine to control precipitation reactions in hydrolyzed urine. The working hypothesis was that selective removal of Ca and Mg from undiluted, fresh urine by cation exchange resin would decrease the precipitation of Ca and Mg minerals in hydrolyzed urine. Ion-exchange experiments and precipitation experiments were used to investigate ion-exchange reactions in synthetic urine. Cation exchange resin (Amberlite A200C) removed both Ca and Mg from undiluted, fresh urine with a greater affinity for Ca over Mg. Precipitation experiments showed that struvite, MgNH 4 PO 4 Á6H 2 O, and hydroxyapatite, Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH), were the dominant minerals in untreated and ion-exchange treated hydrolyzed urine. Overall, ion-exchange softening decreased the mass of solids that would be deposited in the urinal plumbing and increased the phosphate available for nutrient recovery.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion‐exchange softening of human urine to control precipitation

Boyer

Taylor

Reed

et al. 2013

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Three Mg sources were used: MgCl 2 •6H 2 O, MgO, and MgCO 3 , and dosed at a molar ratio of 1.1 : 1 Mg : P to ensure maximum TP recovery. 30,58,59 Urine was mixed for 60 min at 100 rpm via a jar tester apparatus and allowed to settle in Imhoff cones for 60 min. 25,31,59 The P-depleted supernatant was decanted into 1 L collapsible polyethylene terephthalate containers, compressed to minimize head space, and stored at 4°C for analysis and subsequent experiments.…”

Section: Struvite Precipitationmentioning

confidence: 99%