Precipitation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in 3D-printed reactors

Latocha, Joanna; Wojasiński, Michał; Jurczak, Klaudia Malgorzata; Gierlotka, S.; Sobieszuk, Paweł; Ciach, Tomasz

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2018.10.001

Cited by 22 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…They incorporated a novel drainage design into the microreactor channel network, which successfully eliminated the commonly encountered problem of clogging and coalescence of microdroplets containing nanoparticles in the microchannel. Another approach to take advantage of microreactors’ benefits and conduct the precipitation process is to use channels with size at the micro- and, in some cases, milliscale. − This is how we investigated the wet preparation of HAp in our previous work . We used a single channel with square cross-section dimensions of 1 mm × 1 mm, and we conducted the process successfully.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrothermal synthesis and wet precipitation methods are the most common among HAp synthesis methods, and the latter dominates in studies, describing the synthesis of HAp in the form of nanoparticles (nHAp). ,, Wet precipitation conducted as a continuous process presents many advantages compared to the batch methods, among which the most significant are a higher production rate, product’s uniformity, reproducible properties, more efficient use of reagents, and minimized waste production . The literature provides many examples of different reaction setups used in the precipitation of nHAp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These setups include microreactors, ,, microreactors with modifications, such as ultrasounds, , tube-flow reactors, specific types of flow reactors different from microreactors, such as meso oscillatory flow reactor or NET-mix reactor, − and flow reactors with an additional source of energy, such as microwave heating . Currently, the attention of nHAp precipitation experts shifted to various mixers, including, for example, vortex reactors (also known as impinging jet mixers) and, as mentioned earlier, Y-shaped millireactors . However, the obvious disadvantage in most of the setups described here is using a single channel, which results in a low process production rate.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaled-Up 3D-Printed Reactor for Precipitation of Lecithin-Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Wojasiński

Latocha

Liszewska

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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We propose a scaled-up reactor for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (nHAp) applicable for lecithin-modified precipitation. A novel 3D-printed BOX reactor allowed, confirmed by computational fluid dynamics analyses, maintaining or improving the hydrodynamic conditions corresponding to the conditions within single-channel millireactors described in our previous work. As confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis, we obtained hydroxyapatites. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the same characteristic functional groups in powders from single-channel millireactors and BOX reactors. Scanning transmission electron microscopy showed that regardless of lecithin modification, the hydroxyapatite powders from the BOX reactor have particles of the same size as those from the single-channel millireactors; the particle size does not exceed 30 nm. Moreover, nanoparticle tracking analysis and dynamic light scattering show that regardless of the selected reactor and the presence of surface modification, particles tend to agglomerate, which we confirmed in zeta potential measurements. The nHAp’ chemical and physical properties and the lecithin-modified nHAp obtained in the BOX reactor do not depend significantly on the reactants’ flow rate, so it is possible to obtain particles with a precipitate suspension productivity of up to 150 g/h. The presented method of hydroxyapatite wet precipitation scale-up is a step toward stable and efficient production of a restorative material for medical and dental applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaled-Up 3D-Printed Reactor for Precipitation of Lecithin-Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Wojasiński

Latocha

Liszewska

et al. 2021

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Continuous flow microreactors represent an emerging topic at the intersection of chemistry, chemical engineering and green chemistry [6] with a wide range of relevant applications including catalysis [7], nanoparticles synthesis [13], organic synthesis [14], electrochemistry [15], and polymerization [16] to mention a few.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morin oxidation was selected for the comparative study because it is a model reaction and can be easily monitored with a reliable UV-vis spectrophotometry technique. We also employ the application of 3-D printing procedure for direct production of cheap and efficient continuous flow set up consisting of syringe pumps, microreactor, and mixer because it is cheap, easy to operate and time-efficient [13]. The reaction was initially carried out in batch before optimizing the process in flow condition using supported palladium nanocatalyst.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3-D printed microreactor for continuous flow oxidation of a flavonoid

et al. 2020

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The scope of the present study aims at demonstrating the application of 3-D printing technology for catalytic applications. A novel microreactor containing immobilized palladium nanocatalyst (Pd/Co 3 O 4 ) was designed and fabricated in-house for the efficient upgrade of liquid phase morin oxidation from batch to flow procedure. Reaction conditions such as time, reaction temperature, catalyst amount and hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) concentration were investigated to fully benchmark the catalytic efficiency in both systems. The conversion and the kinetic data obtained in both systems reveal that the reaction proceeds faster in the flow reactor compared to batch under similar reaction conditions. In addition to enhanced catalytic activity, the stability of both systems was evaluated exemplarily by recycling and reusing recovered catalyst. The microreactor demonstrates an extended service life based on the recyclability studies conducted. Based on these results, the simple, low-cost 3-D printed reactionwares described in this study appears as a promising approach for the oxidation of morin dye in continuous flow.

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Morphology‐controlled precipitation/remodeling of plate and rod‐shaped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

et al. 2022

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Control of the morphology and size of particles in processes like crystallization and precipitation remains challenging. We present the simple process of precipitation and controlled hydroxyapatite nanoparticles remodeling into the plate and rod-like morphologies. The precipitation/remodeling process assumes that the temperature and pH change of the remodeling step affect the properties of the resulting particles. The morphology and size of the nanoparticles were determined with scanning electron microscopy images. The functional groups were determined using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, while the phase composition and crystallite size in x-ray diffraction experiments. Zeta potential measurements confirmed that particle morphology affects their stability in the aqueous suspensions. The results demonstrated the production of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as aggregates of crystallites, in which particle morphology depends on remodeling temperature while their size on the remodeling time. Further, the process with lecithin added to modify particles' surfaces to enhance their biocompatibility maintains controllability over hydroxyapatite nanoparticles' morphologies.

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Precipitation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in 3D-printed reactors

Cited by 22 publications

References 50 publications

Scaled-Up 3D-Printed Reactor for Precipitation of Lecithin-Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

Scaled-Up 3D-Printed Reactor for Precipitation of Lecithin-Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles

3-D printed microreactor for continuous flow oxidation of a flavonoid

Morphology‐controlled precipitation/remodeling of plate and rod‐shaped hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

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