Precipitating antibody in the sputum in chronic respiratory disease

Clarke, C. W.

doi:10.1136/pgmj.51.593.147

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…This study confirms the finding in a previous study that precipitating antibody may be detected against bacterial and fungal antigens in the sputum (Clarke, 1975). Detection of precipitating antibody against bacterial antigens in the serum of patients with these diseases has led some investigators to attach pathogenic significance to certain organisms that may be isolated from the sputum in these diseases (May, 1975).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Reconstituted sputum could not be used for quantitative estimation of sputum immunoglobulin. Bacterial and fungal antigens used in this study were as described previously (Clarke, 1975). Antigen concentrations are listed in Table I.…”

Section: Preparation Of Sputum For Examination Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of precipitating antibody in the serum of patients with chronic airways obstruction against certain bacterial antigens (May, 1975) have attempted to deal with this problem although the significance of these results (Tager and Speizer, 1975) is still not clear. Previous studies have shown that it is possible to detect immunoglobulins and antibody against microbial and other antigens in sputum (Biberfeld and Sterner, 1971;Medici and Buergi, 1971;Falk, Okinaka, and Siskind, 1972;Gump et al, 1973;Ryley and Brogan, 1973;Shore, Potter, and Stuart-Harris, 1973;Deuschl and Johansson, 1974;Wallwork et al, 1974;Warren and Tse, 1974;Brogan et al, 1975;Clarke, 1975).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction.

Clarke¹

1976

Thorax

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. Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction. Immunoglobulin levels and precipitating antibody against a range of microbial antigens were measured in simultaneously collected serum and sputum samples from patients with chronic bronchitis (11), cystic fibrosis (9), bronchiectasis (9), and asthma (4). Sputum was prepared by dialysis and high-speed centrifugation methods.Results showed that it was possible to detect precipitating antibody in the sputum, and the rate was increased when both methods were used. A discrepancy was noted between the detection rate in the sputum and serum. This, combined with the lack of correlation between sputum and serum immunoglobulins, lack of relationship between bronchial inflammation and sputum immunoglobulins, and the lack of IgM in the sputum suggested that the antibody and immunoglobulin were locally produced.Sputum IgA (7S) in patients with chronic bronchitis was significantly lower (P<0 05) than that found in patients with cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis. Significant differences (P<0-05) were also noted in serum IgG levels between patients with chronic bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and cystic fibrosis while serum IgM levels in patients with chronic bronchitis were significantly lower (P<0-05) when compared to serum levels in patients with cystic fibrosis.The presence of precipitating antibody in the sputum raises the possibility that type III reactions may be important in the pathogenesis of these conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Preparation Of Sputum For Examination Formentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction.

Clarke¹

1976

Thorax

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“…Presumably secretory IgA has survival value having been preserved through evolution, but its contribution towards the defence of the respiratory tract against microorganisms and other potentially harmful particles is not entirely clear. Specific virus-neutralizing activity has been identified with IgA in nasal secretions Bellanti et al, 1964), and IgA bacterial antibodies have been identified in sputum (Gump et al, 1973;Clarke, 1975).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract of normal man and class of immunoglobulin contained therein.

Soutar¹

1976

Thorax

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). Thorax, 31,[158][159][160][161][162][163][164][165][166]. Distribution of plasma cell and other ceils containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract of normal man and class of immunoglobulin contained therein. The anatomical distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract, and the relative proportions of the immunoglobulin classes, have been estimated on necropsy tissues from nine adult human subjects without respiratory disease, five non-smokers and four smokers, none of whom had cough or sputum. Cell counts on multiple sections stained by immunofluorescent methods for the presence of immunoglobulin were carried out on the upper trachea, main bronchus, and lower lobe bronchus.Cells containing immunoglobulin were found mostly in the submucous glands but were also present in the lamina propria of the tracheal and bronchial epithelium. These cells were present in the greatest concentration in the main bronchus and were always present in the lobar bronchus and, in most subjects, in the upper trachea. The cells were not always present round small bronchi and bronchioles and were virtually absent from alveolar walls.Cells containing IgA were much more numerous than those containing other immunoglobulin classes in all subjects except one, in whom IgG and IgE cells were equally numerous. Two subjects appeared to be significantly different from the rest. One nonsmoking subject had a marked deficiency of IgA cells at all sampling sites, and one smoker had a marked excess of IgA cells. In spite of these two subjects there was no significant difference between smokers and non-smokers except in the lobar bronchus where the smokers had significantly more IgA cells than the non-smokers.

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“…There are several reports in the literature that implicate a role for gram-negative bacteria in the mechanism of asthma associated with acute respiratory infection (12, 23) and with chronic respiratory disease (7,31). Hampton et al (15) demonstrated a positive correlation of various parameters of immediate hypersensitivity induced by antigens extracted from Neisseria catarrhalis with the clinical history of the patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaginic antibody production to protein antigens of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by mice

Danneman¹,

Michael²

1976

Infect Immun

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Water-soluble antigens isolated from acetone-dried, gram-negative bacteria elicited reaginic antibody formation in mice. Antibodies specific for Escherichia coli antigens reacted with antigens isolated from several enterobacterial species tested, but not with antigens isolated from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Reaginic antibodies induced by antigens isolated from a P. aeruginosa strain reacted with antigens isolated from several P. aeruginosa serotypes as well as with a purified protein component of the envelope of P. aeruginosa. The anti-Pseudomonas reagins did not cross-react with enterobacterial antigens. Antigenicity of the bacterial extracts was destroyed by trypsin treatment and reduced by heating, which suggested that the antigens were protein in nature. Whole bacterial cells adsorbed out reaginic antibodies, indicating that the antigens are located at or near the surface of the bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria possess numerous antigens. The most widely investigated ofthese antigens has been the endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), due to its role in virulence (30), its pyrogenicity (36), its mitogenicity for lymphocytes (3), and its role in immune protection (25). Other antigens of gram-negative bacteria, such as the small-molecular-weight lipoprotein found in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli (6, 14), and antigens of Neisseria species (15, 16, 19) have been subjects of many recent investigations. The common enterobacterial antigen, originally described by Kunin et al. (24), has also been of interest lately because the functional significance of such cross-reacting antigens in protection is currently in dispute (10, 13, 20, 28, 29, 32). We have recently reported that the LPS of gram-negative bacteria failed to induce the production of reaginic antibodies specific for LPS in mice (8), even though LPS functioned as an effective adjuvant in the production of reaginic antibodies to a protein antigen, hen egg albumin. The purpose of the work presented here was to extend the observations concerning the reaginic response of mice to gram-negative bacteria to other, non-LPS, antigens. We identified an antigen(s), apparently protein in nature, common to many gram-negative species which induced the formation of reaginic antibodies in mice. Our work was performed with antigenic preparations isolated from E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A partial characterization of the antigens was also undertaken and is included in this report. MATERLALS AND METHODS Bacterial antigens. The following bacterial species were used as sources of antigens in our study. E.

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Precipitating antibody in the sputum in chronic respiratory disease

Cited by 7 publications

References 4 publications

Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction.

Aspects of serum and sputum antibody in chronic airways obstruction.

Distribution of plasma cells and other cells containing immunoglobulin in the respiratory tract of normal man and class of immunoglobulin contained therein.

Reaginic antibody production to protein antigens of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by mice

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