Precedence of the shift of body‐fat distribution over the change in body composition after menopause

Morita, Youichiro; Iwamoto, Ichiro; Mizuma, Nobuhisa; Kuwahata, Tomoki; Matsuo, Takashi; Yoshinaga, Mitsuhiro; Douchi, Tsutomu

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.2006.00437.x

Cited by 53 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our findings on changes of body fat in perimenopausal women are consistent with several previous crosssectional 6,10,16,19 and cohort 22 studies, but not with some other studies. 7,13 Our longitudinal data revealed that after adjusting for the other predictors, age was not associated with change of LM, and was negatively associated with percentage changes of TFM and T-LFMR.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

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Menopausal transition and changes of body composition: a prospective study in Chinese perimenopausal women

Chan

et al. 2010

Int J Obes

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Objectives: Whether age or menopause per se influences fat distribution remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the change of body composition, particularly body fat distribution, in relation to menopausal transition in a 30-month prospective study of perimenopausal women. Methods: A total of 438 community-based healthy women aged 44-55 years participated in the Hong Kong Perimenopausal Women Osteoporosis Study. Data were obtained at baseline, and at 9-, 18-and 30-month during the follow-up. Soft tissue measurements consisting of fat mass and lean muscle mass of the trunk and whole body were obtained by the dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Percentage change of body measurements over the follow-up period was compared between women who remained premenopausal, those who went through menopausal transition, and those who were menopausal since baseline. Results: A slight decrease in the lean mass but an increase in the total fat mass and trunk fat mass (TFM) over the follow-up period were noted. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that age was negatively associated with an increase in central obesity. Adjusted for the important predictorsFage, age of menarche and education level, menopausal status was a significant and independent predictor of the decrease in lean mass and the increase in percent of body fat, TFM and trunk-leg fat mass ratio. Conclusion: Our 30-month longitudinal study showed that menopause has an independent effect on an increase in fat mass, and an increase in central obesity in perimenopausal Chinese women.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…1,[13][14][15] Although some crosssectional studies have observed greater fat mass and less lean mass in postmenopausal women, [6][7][9][10]16 others have not. 14,[17][18] The findings have been inconsistent even after separating age from menopause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Menopausal transition and changes of body composition: a prospective study in Chinese perimenopausal women

Chan

et al. 2010

Int J Obes

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“…A reciprocal relationship between bone mass and bone marrow adiposity has often been noted in rodents and humans (Akune et al, 2004;Pei and Tontonoz, 2004;Morita et al, 2006). A deficiency in PPARc, a key mediator of adipocyte differentiation, reduces marrow fat and enhances osteogenesis in mice (Akune et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Reduced c‐Kit Signaling on Bone Marrow Adiposity

Turner

Wong

Iwaniec

2011

The Anatomical Record

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c-Kit (CD117) is required for normal differentiation of osteoblasts from bone marrow stromal cells and for normal bone formation. Osteoblasts and adipocytes originate from a common progenitor cell, and a reciprocal relationship in differentiation of the two lineages is often observed. Therefore, the effects of abnormal c-kit signaling on bone marrow adiposity and adipocyte precursor pool size were evaluated in mouse strains with loss of function mutations in kit receptor or kit ligand. Additionally, to determine whether short-duration pharmacological disruption of kit signaling influences bone marrow adiposity, we administered the kit receptor antagonist gleevec (imatinib mesilate) for 1 week to middle aged (13-month-old) male rats known to have high levels of bone marrow fat. Compared to wild-type littermates, adipocytes were absent and adipocyte precursors greatly reduced in bone marrow from kit receptor-deficient Kit W/W-m mice. Administration of secreted kit ligand to membrane-associated kit ligand-deficient Kit Sl/Sl-d mice was ineffective in inducing bone marrow adipogenesis. These findings suggest that activation of kit receptor by the membrane-associated form of kit ligand is required for kit signaling to promote bone marrow adipogenesis in mice. Rats treated with gleevec had lower adipocyte density compared to age-matched controls, suggesting that kit signaling is required to maintain normal bone marrow adiposity. Taken together, our results indicate that c-Kit signaling plays an important but previously unsuspected role in regulating bone marrow adiposity. Anat Rec, 294:1126Rec, 294: -1134Rec, 294: , 2011. V V C 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: hematopoietic stem cell; mesenchymal stem cell; adipocyte; mast cell; receptor tyrosine kinase; gleevec (imatinib mesilate)Osteoblasts and adipocytes are derived from a common bone marrow progenitor (Prockop, 1997;Vaananen, 2005;Valtieri and Sorrentino, 2008). The primary function of osteoblasts is well defined. Osteoblasts generate bone matrix to support bone growth, turnover, and remodeling. Additionally, osteoblasts have been reported to participate in hematopoietic stem cell mobilization from their bone marrow niche and to support hematopoiesis (Nagayoshi et al., 2006;Mayack and Wagers, 2008). In contrast, the physiological significance of adipocytes residing within bone marrow is less well defined.Most fat depots act as dynamic energy reservoirs to maintain circulating triglyceride and free fatty acid levels (Caserta et al., 2001). During severe caloric restriction, fat catabolism becomes an important source of energy and peripheral fat depots decline in mass. In contrast, severe caloric restriction is associated with increased bone marrow adiposity (Batista et al., 1988;Bohm, 2000;Cui et al., 2006;Duque, 2008;Bredella et al., 2009). Bone marrow adipocytes sequester and esterify fatty acids during starvation, a finding which has fostered the belief that the bone marrow fat depot does not function as an important energy reservoir for peripheral tissu...

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“…Menopausal transition is associated with a body fat redistribution leading to preferential abdominal adipose tissue (AT) accumulation [1,2]. High visceral AT accumulation has been associated with a deteriorated metabolic profile such as high triglyceride (TG) and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations in postmenopausal women [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between circulating free fatty acids, visceral adipose tissue accumulation, and insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women

Lapointe

Piché

Weisnagel³

et al. 2009

Metabolism

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Precedence of the shift of body‐fat distribution over the change in body composition after menopause

Abstract: An initial event during the menopausal process is BMD loss, which is followed by body fat distribution shift, then LBM loss and reciprocal increase in body fat mass.

Cited by 53 publications

References 23 publications

Menopausal transition and changes of body composition: a prospective study in Chinese perimenopausal women

Menopausal transition and changes of body composition: a prospective study in Chinese perimenopausal women

Effect of Reduced c‐Kit Signaling on Bone Marrow Adiposity

Associations between circulating free fatty acids, visceral adipose tissue accumulation, and insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women

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