Prebiotics Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota Attenuates Cognitive Dysfunction Induced by Surgery Stimulation in APP/PS1 Mice

Abstract

Emerging evidence indicates that the intestinal microbiota could interact with the central nervous system and modulate multiple pathophysiological changes, including the integrity of intestinal barrier and blood-brain barrier, as well as neuroinflammatory response. In the present study, we investigated the potential role of intestinal microbiota in the pathophysiological process of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Six-monthold APP/PS1 mice were subjected to partial hepatectomy to establish surgery model and exhibited cognitive dysfunction. The expressions of inflammatory mediators increased and tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and Occludin) levels decreased in the intestine and hippocampus. The 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing showed altered β diversity and intestinal microbiota richness after surgery, including genus Rodentibacter, Bacteroides, Ruminococcaceae_UCG_014 and Faecalibaculum, as well as family Eggerthellaceae and Muribaculaceae. Furthermore, prebiotics (Xylooligosaccharides, XOS) intervention effectively attenuated surgery-induced cognitive dysfunction and intestinal microbiota alteration, reduced inflammatory responses, and improved the integrity of tight junction barrier in the intestine and hippocampus. In summary, the present study indicates that intestinal microbiota alteration, the related intestinal barrier and blood-brain barrier damage, and inflammatory responses participate the pathophysiological process of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Prebiotics intervention could be a potential preventative approach.

Supplemental Xylooligosaccharide Modulates Intestinal Mucosal Barrier and Cecal Microbiota in Laying Hens Fed Oxidized Fish Oil

“…The high species diversity reflects a more stable microbiota community and prevents the colonization of pathogens, thus benefiting to productivity of the host bird ( Janczyk et al, 2009 ; Han et al, 2017 ). Herein, results of alpha diversity analysis showed that XOS addition (400 mg/kg) increased cecal microbial richness in layers fed OFO diet, which was consistent with previous studies ( Ou et al, 2016 ; Han et al, 2020 ). In addition, data from analysis of beta diversity showed significant clustering according to experimental groups, demonstrating that cecal microbial community structure was both affected by OFO diets with and without XOS addition.…”

Inhibition of α-Synuclein Accumulation Improves Neuronal Apoptosis and Delayed Postoperative Cognitive Recovery in Aged Mice

“…The Morris water maze (MWM) is a hippocampus-dependent spatial navigation and reference memory test for rodents. The MWM was performed as described previously, albeit with minor modifications [ 25 ]. Mice underwent daily testing with three trials per day for five consecutive days before surgery and then for 7 days after surgery.…”

Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer’s Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies

“…[125] Xylooligosaccharides APP/PS1 mice Effectively decreased GM alteration and cognitive dysfunction attenuated inflammatory responses and ameliorated the tight junction barrier in the hippocampus and intestine. [126] FOS APP/PS1 mice Ameliorated pathological changes and cognitive deficits, upregulated the expression levels of synapsin I and postsynaptic density protein 95, and decreased the phosphorylated level of c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Additionally, FOS administration reversed the altered GM density.…”