Prebiotics, Probiotics, Synbiotics, Paraprobiotics and Postbiotic Compounds in IBD

Abstract

The increasing incidence of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and the increasing severity of the course of these diseases create the need for developing new methods of therapy. The gut microbiome is extensively studied as a factor influencing the development and course of IBD. The composition of intestinal microbiota can be relatively easily modified by diet (i.e., prebiotics, mainly dietary fibers) and bacterial supplementation using beneficial bacteria strains called probiotics. Additionally, the effects of the improved microbiome could be enhanced or gained by using paraprobiotics (non-viable, inactivated bacteria or their components) and/or postbiotics (products of bacterial metabolism or equal synthetic products that beneficially modulate immunological response and inflammation). This study summarizes the recent works on prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics (products merging pre- and probiotics), paraprobiotics and postbiotics in IBD.

Probiotics, Prebiotics, Synbiotics, and Fermented Foods as Potential Biotics in Nutrition Improving Health via Microbiome-Gut-Brain Axis

“…The ingested bacteria and their activities have a great impact on human gut microbiota [76]. Prebiotic, probiotic, synbiotic, paraprobiotic, and postbiotic compounds have been studied for their effect on IBD [77]. Mental health and immunity power are inherently linked to gut health.…”

Nonpharmacological Treatment Strategies for the Management of Canine Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy—A Narrative Review

“…Furthermore, SCFAs have also been demonstrated to hamper the growth of pathogenic bacteria by lowering luminal and faecal pH [67]. Concerning intestinal disorders, the anti-inflammatory capacity of SCFAs has been already documented in vitro, and in vivo in both murine models and human IBDs [68].…”

Integrating new and emerging therapies into inflammatory bowel disease clinical practice

“…Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with the development IBD, though it has been difficult to prove causation. In recent years there have many attempts to manipulate microbiota to modify the course of disease through fecal microbiota transplant (FMT), prebiotics, probiotics, and postbiotics (metabolites such as bile acids, short chain fatty acids, and amino acids produced by the microbiome) [54][55][56]. There are also studies evaluating the disruption of bacteria-mediated inflammation to reduce postoperative intestinal inflammation in IBD [57].…”