Prebiotic Supplementation Following Ileocecal Resection in a Murine Model is Associated With a Loss of Microbial Diversity and Increased Inflammation

Abstract

FOS-supplementation of a postICR diet resulted in a decrease in fecal bacterial diversity, reduction in barrier function, and increased gut inflammation.

Amylose resistant starch (HAM‐RS2) supplementation increases the proportion of Faecalibacterium bacteria in end‐stage renal disease patients: Microbial analysis from a randomized placebo‐controlled trial

“…Microbial DNA from the fecal samples was extracted by bead beating using 0.1 mm zirconia/silica beads (BioSpec) and then followed by DNA purification using the QIAamp DNA Stool Mini Kit (Qiagen Inc. Valencia, CA, USA). Total DNA from the fecal samples was extracted, and 16s DNA sequencing was performed as previously described …”

“…Total DNA from the fecal samples was extracted, and 16s DNA sequencing was performed as previously described. 10…”

Timing of Tributyrin Supplementation Differentially Modulates Gastrointestinal Inflammation and Gut Microbial Recolonization Following Murine Ileocecal Resection

“…Gastrointestinal surgery imparts dramatic and lasting imbalances, or dysbiosis, to the composition of these finely tuned microbial ecosystems [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Luminal exposure to oxygen facilitates a depletion of anti-inflammatory obligate anaerobes and a bloom of pro-inflammatory aerotolerant organisms [ 12 ].…”

“…Although our group and others have shown the importance of these microbial factors in mitigating adverse surgical outcomes and maintenance of host immune homeostasis in colitis models [ 10 , 11 ], it is not known whether this loss of microbial ecology can be avoided or the degree to which these shifts can be manipulated following surgery. Approaches that harness the gut microbiome in the immediate perioperative period thus present a novel opportunity to optimize the physiological stress imparted by surgery [ 14 ].…”

“…Approaches that harness the gut microbiome in the immediate perioperative period thus present a novel opportunity to optimize the physiological stress imparted by surgery [ 14 ]. Current strategies including prebiotic, probiotic, and synbiotic supplementation, however, have been met with mixed success [ 10 , 15 ]. This is thought to be due to the inherent challenges of re-establishing anaerobic bacterial communities in an aerobic environment that is unable to successfully foster recolonization of native microbes [ 10 , 11 , 16 ].…”