Prebiotic effect on mood in obese patients is determined by the initial gut microbiota composition: A randomized, controlled trial

Leyrolle, Quentin; Cserjési, Renáta; Mulders, Maria D.G.H.; Zamariola, Giorgia; Hiel, Sophie; Gianfrancesco, Marco; Portheault, Daphnée; Amadieu, Camille; Bindels, Laure B.; Leclercq, Sophie; Rodriguez, Julie; Neyrinck, Audrey M.; Cani, Patrice D.; Lanthier, Nicolas; Tréfois, Pierre; Bindelle, Jérôme; Paquot, Nicolas; Cnop, Miriam; Thissen, Jean Paul; Klein, Olivier; Luminet, Olivier; Delzenne, Nathalie M.

doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2021.01.014

Cited by 39 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“… 57 In obese patients, 3 months of inulin supplementation improved emotional competence and cognitive flexibility. 58 A recent study in patients suffering from coronary artery diseases has shown that the co-supplementation with 15 g of inulin and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG during 2 months decreased significantly depression and anxiety scores as well as lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory markers. 59 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring an adequate dietary fiber intake by inulin supplementation: a pilot study showing an impact on gut microbiota and sociability in alcohol use disorder patients

et al. 2021

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Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a chronic relapsing disease associated with malnutrition, metabolic disturbances, and gut microbiota alterations that are correlated with the severity of psychological symptoms. This study aims at supplementing AUD patients with prebiotic fiber during alcohol withdrawal, in order to modulate the gut microbiota composition and to evaluate its effect on gastrointestinal tolerance, metabolism, and patient’s behavior. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study included 50 AUD patients assigned to inulin versus maltodextrin daily supplementation for 17 days. Biological measurements (fecal microbial 16S rDNA sequencing, serum biology), dietary intake, validated psychological questionnaires, and gastrointestinal tolerance assessment were performed before and after the intervention. Inulin significantly decreased the richness and evenness and induced changes of 8 genera (q < 0.1) including Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides . Prebiotic had minor effects on gastrointestinal symptoms and nutritional intakes compared to placebo. All patients showed an improvement in depression, anxiety, and craving scores during alcohol withdrawal regardless of the intervention group. Interestingly, only patients treated with inulin significantly improved the sociability score and had an increased serum level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. This pilot study shows that inulin is well tolerated and modulates the gut microbiota and the social behavior in AUD patients, without further improving other psychological and biological parameters as compared to placebo. Gut2Brain study, clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03803709, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03803709

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Restoring an adequate dietary fiber intake by inulin supplementation: a pilot study showing an impact on gut microbiota and sociability in alcohol use disorder patients

et al. 2021

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“…For example, in a cohort of healthy females a reduction in preclinical anxiety after a galactooligosaccharide (GOS) intervention was observed [ 19 ▪ ], whereas no effect on depressive symptoms was detected in a population with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) using the same prebiotic (GOS) [ 9 ]. Similar to probiotic interventions, future studies using prebiotics should also consider the impact of host factors, such as baseline microbiota composition [ 20 ▪▪ ], as well as dose and study duration, when evaluating the efficacy or prebiotics in supporting mental health.…”

Section: Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota-targeted interventions for mental health

Berding

Cryan

2021

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of review The gut microbiota has emerged as a key conduit in mental health and is a promising target for interventions. This review provides an update on recent advances in using microbiota-targeted approaches for the management of mental health. Recent findings Approaches that have emerged as microbiota-targeted interventions in the management of mental health include probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, fecal microbiota transplant as well as diet. Among these approaches, probiotic supplementation has been investigated most prominently, providing promising evidence for its use in improving mood and anxiety. There is also growing interest in the use of multistrain probiotics, whole dietary interventions or combined approaches, with encouraging results emerging from recent studies. Summary Although the current literature preliminarily supports targeting the microbiota to manage mental health and use as adjuvant therapies for certain brain disorders, large gaps remain and especially data including clinical cohorts remains scarce. Research studies including larger cohorts, well-characterized clinical populations and defined duration and dosage of the intervention are required to develop evidence-based guidelines for microbiota-targeted strategies.

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“…Genomic DNA was extracted using a PSP ® spin stool DNA kit (Stratecbiomolecular). Sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics were performed as previously described [ 18 ]. For the gut microbiota analysis, raw sequences can be accessed in Sequence Read Archive database (SRA accession numbers PRJNA595949).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…R Software (version 3.5.1, MixOmics package), JMP Pro 14, and Graphpad Prism 8.0 were used for analyses. Mood score was based on the positivity score (Positive scale of the PANAS-Negative scale) as previously described [ 18 ]. Segregation was made using the median of the positivity score: individuals with a higher positivity score were assigned to the “High mood score” group while those with lower score were assigned to the “Low mood score” group and were presented as “High” and “Low” in all tables and figures.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiota and Metabolite Profiling as Markers of Mood Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study in Obese Patients

et al. 2021

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Obesity is associated with an increased risk of several neurological and psychiatric diseases, but few studies report the contribution of biological features in the occurrence of mood disorders in obese patients. The aim of the study is to evaluate the potential links between serum metabolomics and gut microbiome, and mood disturbances in a cohort of obese patients. Psychological, biological characteristics and nutritional habits were evaluated in 94 obese subjects from the Food4Gut study stratified according to their mood score assessed by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). The fecal gut microbiota and plasma non-targeted metabolomics were analysed. Obese subjects with increased negative mood display elevated levels of Coprococcus as well as decreased levels of Sutterella and Lactobacillus. Serum metabolite profile analysis reveals in these subjects altered levels of several amino acid-derived metabolites, such as an increased level of L-histidine and a decreased in phenylacetylglutamine, linked to altered gut microbiota composition and function rather than to differences in dietary amino acid intake. Regarding clinical profile, we did not observe any differences between both groups. Our results reveal new microbiota-derived metabolites that characterize the alterations of mood in obese subjects, thereby allowing to propose new targets to tackle mood disturbances in this context. Food4gut, clinicaltrial.gov: NCT03852069.

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Prebiotic effect on mood in obese patients is determined by the initial gut microbiota composition: A randomized, controlled trial

Cited by 39 publications

References 68 publications

Restoring an adequate dietary fiber intake by inulin supplementation: a pilot study showing an impact on gut microbiota and sociability in alcohol use disorder patients

Restoring an adequate dietary fiber intake by inulin supplementation: a pilot study showing an impact on gut microbiota and sociability in alcohol use disorder patients

Microbiota-targeted interventions for mental health

Microbiota and Metabolite Profiling as Markers of Mood Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study in Obese Patients

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