Prebiotic Effect of Maitake Extract on a Probiotic Consortium and Its Action after Microbial Fermentation on Colorectal Cell Lines

Abstract

Maitake (Grifola frondosa) is a medicinal mushroom known for its peculiar biological activities due to the presence of functional components, including dietary fibers and glucans, that can improve human health through the modulation of the gut microbiota. In this paper, a Maitake ethanol/water extract was prepared and characterized through enzymatic and chemical assays. The prebiotic potential of the extract was evaluated by the growth of some probiotic strains and of a selected probiotic consortium. The results revealed the prebiotic properties due to the stimulation of the growth of the probiotic strains, also in consortium, leading to the production of SCFAs, including lactic, succinic, and valeric acid analyzed via GC-MSD. Then, their beneficials effect were employed in evaluating the vitality of three different healthy and tumoral colorectal cell lines (CCD841, CACO-2, and HT-29) and the viability rescue after co-exposure to different stressor agents and the probiotic consortium secondary metabolites. These metabolites exerted positive effects on colorectal cell lines, in particular in protection from reactive oxygen species.

Characterization of the Biological Activities of a New Polyphenol-Rich Extract from Cinnamon Bark on a Probiotic Consortium and Its Action after Enzymatic and Microbial Fermentation on Colorectal Cell Lines

“…Microbial strains are the same employed in the previously published papers [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]: Lactobacillus acidophilus LMG P-29512 (formerly DSM 24936), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum DSM 24937 (formerly Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 24937), Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LMG P-29513 (formerly Lactobacillus rhamnosus DSM 25568), Limosilactobacillus fermentum DSM 25176 (formerly Lactobacillus fermentum DSM 25176), Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 25175 (formerly Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 25175), Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis LMG P-29510 (formerly DSM 25566), Bifidobacterium longum subsp.…”

“…The Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium strains are supplied by a private collection of the company Roelmi HPC (Origgio, Italy). They were previously selected for the probiotic features and the characterization is reported in previous works [ 29 , 30 , 31 ]. The other strains from ATCC collection Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 were used as potential pathogen strains.…”

“…The potentially released biotransformed forms of polyphenols and SCFAs after polyphenol-rich cinnamon bark extract and its in vitro digested form were extracted and analyzed in GC-MSD as reported by De Giani et al [ 31 ]. These experiments were conducted with L. plantarum and B. animalis subsp.…”

“…lactis as examples of Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria, respectively; and using all the mixed probiotic strains as a probiotic consortium. The consortium was prepared as described by De Giani et al [ 31 ].…”

Prebiotic Profiling of Indigenous Selected Dioscorea Spp. Using In-vitro Techniques

“…Prebiotics are short-chain carbohydrates that are resistant to the cleavage action of human digestive enzymes. As a result, for prebiotics to be optimum and efficient, they must enter the intestine 30 . These short-chain carbohydrates have 3 to 10 sugar moieties with a degree of polymerization (DP) ranging from 2 to 60.…”