Preadipocyte Factor-1 Concentrations in Patients With Anorexia Nervosa: the Influence of Partial Realimentation

Abstract

Preadipocyte factor-1 (Pref-1) is a member of epidermal growth-factor like family of proteins that regulates adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation. Experimental studies suggest that circulating Pref-1 levels may be also involved in the regulation of lipid and glucose metabolism and energy homeostasis. We hypothesized that alterations in Pref-1 levels may contribute to the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa or its underlying metabolic abnormalities. We measured Pref-1 concentrations and other hormonal, biochemical and anthropometric parameters in eighteen patients with anorexia nervosa and sixteen healthy women and studied the influence of partial realimentation of anorexia nervosa patients on these parameters. The mean duration of realimentation period was 46±2 days. At baseline, anorexia nervosa patients had significantly decreased body mass index, body weight, body fat content, fasting glucose, serum insulin, TSH, free T4, leptin and total protein. Partial realimentation improved these parameters. Baseline serum Pref-1 levels did not significantly differ between anorexia nervosa and control group (0.26±0.02 vs. 0.32±0.05 ng/ml, p=0.295) but partial realimentation significantly increased circulating Pref-1 levels (0.35±0.04 vs. 0.26±0.02 ng/ml, p<0.05). Post-realimentation Pref-1 levels significantly positively correlated with the change of body mass index after realimentation (r=0.49, p<0.05). We conclude that alterations in Pref-1 are not involved in the ethiopathogenesis of anorexia nervosa but its changes after partial realimentation could be involved in the regulation of adipose tissue expansion after realimentation.

Body composition in anorexia nervosa: Meta‐analysis and meta‐regression of cross‐sectional and longitudinal studies

“…Twenty-nine studies (47%) investigated inpatients, 8 (13%) outpatients, 2 (3%) a mixture of both, and 23 studies (37%) did not specify the recruitment or patientsetting. Twenty-seven studies (44%) comprised collection of blood samples after a fasting period, whereas only six studies (10%) specified the fasting period (Bredella et al, 2012;DiVasta et al, 2011;Dostálová, Sedlácková, Papezová, Nedvídková, & Haluzík, 2009;Estour et al, 2017;Kaválková et al, 2012;Prioletta et al, 2011). One study (3%) did not specify whether analyses were performed using plasma or serum blood (Weinbrenner et al, 2004).…”

“…One study (3%) did not specify whether analyses were performed using plasma or serum blood (Weinbrenner et al, 2004). Seventeen studies (27%) sampled regular menstruating participants during the follicular phase of their cycle (de Alvaro et al, 2007;Dostálová et al, 2009;Estour et al, 2017;Galusca et al, 2015;Germain et al, 2010Germain et al, , 2007Germain et al, , 2016Grinspoon et al, 2001;Kaválková et al, 2012;Kirchengast & Huber, 2004;Mayer et al, 2005Mayer et al, , 2009Nakai, Hamagaki, Takagi, Taniguchi, & Kurimoto, 1999;Prioletta et al, 2011;Scalfi et. al, 2002;Weinbrenner et al, 2004), whereas 14 studies (23%) did not provide details about the cycle phase (Bachmann et al, 2014;Bredella et al, 2012;Delporte, Brichard, Hermans, Beguin, & Lambert, 2003;DiVasta et al, 2011;Fazeli et al, 2010;Fernández-Soto et al, 2013;Germain et al, 2010;Gniuli, Liverani, Capristo, Greco, & Mingrone, 2001;Grinspoon et al, 1996;Guo, Jiang, Liao, Liu, & He, 2013;Haas et al, 2005;Karczewska-Kupczewska et al, 2010;Maïmoun et al, 2018;Mörkl et al, 2017;Nakahara et al, 2007;Rigaud, Boulier, Tallonneau, Brindisi, & Rozen, 2010;Tagami et al, 2004;Tanaka et al, 2003).…”

Angiopoietin-like protein 3 and 4 in obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and malnutrition: the effect of weight reduction and realimentation

“…Subjects were free of any medication for more than 3 months prior to the beginning of the study. The realimentation program has been described in more detail previously 18 . During the realimentation period (46 ± 2 days) the daily energy content was 9630 kJ/day.…”

Increased lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in anorexia nervosa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…1-year follow-up, weight-recovered AN, and recovered AN). We summarized those by using the term "after partial weight restoration" (see of the studies (Crisp et al, 1968;Heilbronn et al, 2007;Kavalkova et al, 2012;Misra et al, 2006;Shih et al, 2016;Umeki, 1988;Uzum et al, 2009). One of 17 (6%) studies reported that the lipid profile normalized after weight gain but numerical values were not available (Rigaud et al, 2009).…”

“…In longitudinal studies of individuals with AN where lipid profiles normalize after weight restoration, the evidence points towards the effects of starvation as the reason behind the increased lipid concentrations (Rigaud et al, 2009), whereas studies in which there are no significant differences before and after weight restoration may suggest a more fundamental lipid dysregulation (Crisp et al, 1968;Heilbronn et al, 2007;Kavalkova et al, 2012;Misra et al, 2006;Shih et al, 2016;Umeki, 1988;Uzum et al, 2009).…”