Pre-weaning fluoxetine exposure caused anti-depressant like behavior at adulthood via perturbing tryptophan metabolism in rats

Nadeem,; Usman, Shumaila; Imad, Rehan; Nisar, Uzair; Khan, Irfan; Abbas, Ghulam

doi:10.1007/s11011-022-00951-4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…According to the literature, 5-HT, E, DA, and NE are NTs capable of producing pleasure. Animals with decreased levels of these four NTs show symptoms such as dyspnea, dizziness, depression, and slow heartbeat [ 16 , 33 , 34 ]. Increased levels of 5-HIAA lead to symptoms such as nerve paralysis, consistent with the symptoms of TTX intoxication.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Multiple Neurotransmitters through LC-MS/MS to Confirm the Therapeutic Effects of Althaea rosea Flower on TTX-Intoxicated Rats

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2023

Molecules

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Tetrodotoxin (TTX) inhibits neurotransmission in animals, and there is no specific antidote. In clinical practice in China, Althaea rosea (A. rosea flower) extract has been used to treat TTX poisoning. In this work, the efficacy of the ethyl acetate fraction extract of A. rosea flower in treating TTX poisoning in rats was investigated. A high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to determine nine neurotransmitters in rat brain tissue, including γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine (DA), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), noradrenaline (NE), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA), epinephrine (E), and tyramine (Tyn). The detoxifying effect of A. rosea flower was verified by comparing the changes in neurotransmitters’ content in brain tissue before and after poisoning in rats. The assay was performed in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The quantification method was performed by plotting an internal-standard working curve with good linearity (R2 > 0.9941) and sensitivity. Analyte recoveries were 94.04–107.53% (RSD < 4.21%). Results indicated that the levels of 5-HT, DA, E, and NE in the brains of TTX-intoxicated rats decreased, whereas the levels of GABA, Tyn, and 5-HIAA showed an opposite trend, and HVA and DOPAC were not detected. The levels of all seven neurotransmitters returned to normal after the gavage administration of ethyl acetate extract of A. rosea flower to prove that the ethyl acetate extract of A. rosea flower had a therapeutic effect on TTX poisoning. The work provided new ideas for studies on TTX detoxification.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of Multiple Neurotransmitters through LC-MS/MS to Confirm the Therapeutic Effects of Althaea rosea Flower on TTX-Intoxicated Rats

Wang

Zheng

et al. 2023

Molecules

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“…Tryptophan metabolism: Tryptophan metabolism is involved in the pathogenesis of depression, enteritis, and other diseases (Nadeem et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022). It is metabolized by tryptophan hydroxylase and aromatic amino acid decarboxylase in the 5-HT pathway.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

To elucidate the mechanism of “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” in goiter by integrated metabolomics and serum pharmaco-chemistry

Chen,

Liang,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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The pharmacodynamic substances in “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” and the molecular mechanisms underlying its therapeutic effects against goiter were analyzed through metabolomics and serum pharmaco-chemistry. A rat model of goiter was established using propylthiouracil (PTU), and the animals were treated using “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria.” The efficacy of the drug pair was evaluated in terms of thyroid gland histopathology and blood biochemical indices. Serum and urine samples of the rats were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were performed to screen potential biomarkers in urine and the corresponding metabolic pathways. The blood components of “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” were also identified, and their correlation with urine biomarkers was analyzed in order to screen for potential bioactive compounds. “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” mitigated injury to thyroid tissues and normalized the levels of the thyroid hormones FT3, FT4, and TSH. We also identified 22 urine biomarkers related to goiter, of which 19 were regulated by “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria.” Moreover, urine biomarkers are involved in tryptophan metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and beta-alanine metabolism, and these pathways may be targeted by the drug pair. In addition, 47 compounds of “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” were detected by serum pharmacochemistry, of which nine components, namely, syringic acid, paeonol, cedrol, and cis-ferulic acid, fetisinine, aucubigenin, linolenic acid, ussuriedine, and 5-(methylsulfanyl)pentanenitrile, were identified as potential effective substances against goiter. To summarize, we characterized the chemical components and mechanisms of “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” involved in the treatment of goiter, and our findings provide an experimental basis for its clinical application.

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Pre-weaning fluoxetine exposure caused anti-depressant like behavior at adulthood via perturbing tryptophan metabolism in rats

Cited by 2 publications

References 35 publications

Determination of Multiple Neurotransmitters through LC-MS/MS to Confirm the Therapeutic Effects of Althaea rosea Flower on TTX-Intoxicated Rats

Determination of Multiple Neurotransmitters through LC-MS/MS to Confirm the Therapeutic Effects of Althaea rosea Flower on TTX-Intoxicated Rats

To elucidate the mechanism of “Scrophulariae Radix–Fritillaria” in goiter by integrated metabolomics and serum pharmaco-chemistry

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