Pre-spillover Prevention of Emerging Zoonotic Diseases: What Are the Targets and What Are the Tools?

Childs, James E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70962-6_16

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 272 publications

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“…The three most devastating pandemics in human history, the Black Death, Spanish influenza, and HIV/AIDS, were caused by zoonoses (4), as were 60–76% of recent emerging infectious disease events (2, 5). Underlying these patterns are specific public health challenges arising from the complex multi-host ecology of zoonotic infections (6, 7), and accelerating environmental and anthropogenic changes that are altering the rates and nature of contact between human and animal populations (8–10). Following a series of recent outbreaks (e.g., avian and swine influenza, West Nile virus and SARS), a rising sense of urgency has stimulated a broad increase in research on zoonoses, ranging from dissection of the molecular determinants of host specificity (11) to viral prospecting in African rain forests (12).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic Dynamics at the Human-Animal Interface

Lloyd‐Smith

George

Pepin

et al. 2009

Science

577

603

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Few infectious diseases are entirely human-specific: most human pathogens also circulate in animals, or else originated in non-human hosts. Influenza, plague, and trypanosomiasis are classic examples of zoonoses, or infections that transmit from animals to humans. The multi-host ecology of zoonoses leads to complex dynamics, and analytical tools such as mathematical modeling are vital to the development of effective control policies and research agendas. Much attention has focused on modeling pathogens with simpler life cycles and immediate global urgency, such as influenza and SARS, but vector-transmitted, chronic, and protozoan infections have been neglected, as have crucial processes such as cross-species transmission. Progress in understanding and combating zoonoses requires a new generation of models that addresses a broader set of pathogen life histories and integrates across host species and scientific disciplines.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemic Dynamics at the Human-Animal Interface

Lloyd‐Smith

George

Pepin

et al. 2009

Science

577

603

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“…Scenario 2 involves outbreak investigation of human cases by obtaining health data on animals. The majority of disease surveillance in wildlife is short-term and often in response to known cases or spread of the disease [55]. This generally involves trapping, seroprevalence, and necropsy of wildlife in the vicinity of the human cases.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pg. 423 [55]. The author does note that recent collaborations by the World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), to develop GLEWS, an integrated earlywarning system, might signal a change in the right direction [55].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkages between animal and human health sentinel data

2009

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Introduction: In order to identify priorities for building integrated surveillance systems that effectively model and predict human risk of zoonotic diseases, there is a need for improved understanding of the practical options for linking surveillance data of animals and humans. We conducted an analysis of the literature and characterized the linkage between animal and human health data. We discuss the findings in relation to zoonotic surveillance and the linkage of human and animal data.

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“…It is worrisome that viral diversity in wild tropical areas is almost unknown. It is necessary to establish new and fast tools for taxonomic identification of both viruses and their arthropod vectors [86]. The study of ecologic variables mediating the transmission cycle (viral trafficking) will be useful in finding patterns and predictive factors for the emergence of new viruses.…”

Section: The New Multidisciplinary and Integrated Approach: Viral Emementioning

confidence: 99%