Pre-soaking feed pellet significantly improved feed utilization in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)

Ninwat³

et al. 2020

Animals

Self Cite

Background color has significant effects on the lifestyles of various animal species. In this study, the effects of wall background color on growth, feed utilization, specific activity of gastric and pancreatic enzymes in fecal samples, fecal thermal properties, carapace elemental profile, and hematological parameters were investigated in northern river terrapin (Batagur baska Gray, 1831) in order to optimize the head-starting conditions. The terrapins (70.13 ± 0.04 g initial weight) were completely randomized into five types of colored tanks (transparent, green, red, blue, and black) and reared for twelve weeks. At the end of the experiment, tank color had no effect on survival and growth performance, but had significant effects on feeding rate, feed conversion ratio, and protein efficiency ratio (p < 0.05). Terrapins reared with black, red, or blue backgrounds had the highest feed utilization among the treatments. Among these three groups, analysis of specific activity of gastric and pancreatic enzymes in fecal samples and fecal thermal properties suggested improved digestive functionality in terrapins reared with a blue background relative to the other treatments. Carapace elemental composition and hematological parameters indicated no negative effects on health status of the terrapins reared with this optimal treatment. Findings from the current study support the head-starting program of northern river terrapins before release to natural habitats, and could also be applied in aquaria or zoos for public display.

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Background Color for Head-Starting Northern River Terrapins (Batagur baska Gray, 1831)

Jualaong¹,

Ninwat³

et al. 2020

Animals

Self Cite

“…A high ALP can be used to evaluate the effects of toxicity and damage to the liver or kidney tissues of fish (Agrahari, Pandey, & Gopal, ). In Asian seabass, the ALP levels are in the range of 23.3–68.5 U/L (Abdul Razak, Shariff, Yusoff, & Safinar, ; Wattanakul, Thongprajukaew, Songnui, Satjarak, & Kanghae, ). This range is in agreement with the levels observed in all treatments from the current study, indicating that there were no negative effects on the liver or kidney due to toxicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal background colour for rearing Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer)

Santisathitkul¹,

Saekhow

et al. 2020

Aquac Res

Self Cite

Background colour influences the growth performance and feed utilization of various fish species. In the current study, the effects of different aquarium backgrounds (transparent, white, black, red, green and blue) on growth performance, feed utilization, digestive enzyme activities, flesh quality, carcass composition and haematological parameters were investigated in Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer). The fish (16.17 ± 0.02 g initial body weight) were distributed into eighteen glass aquaria (6 treatments × 3 replications) with the various background colours and reared for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, positive growth performance and feed utilization were observed in fish reared against transparent, white, black or green backgrounds, while negative effects were noted for fish reared on the remaining treatments (p < .05). Modulation of the main digestive enzymes was observed across the six treatments, indicating different strategies for utilizing nutrients by the fish. The activity ratio of trypsin to chymotrypsin was highest in the fish reared against a black background, followed by a white background. Flesh quality, in terms of protein synthesis capacity and protein turnover rate, indicated a significant improvement in the fish reared against white, black and green backgrounds, while the contents of myosin and actin were similar across the six colour treatments. Carcass composition and haematological parameters showed no negative effects in either of the preferred treatments. These findings indicate that the most suitable background colours for rearing Asian seabass are black, followed by white and green, while transparent, red or blue backgrounds are unsuitable.

“…Therefore, nutritional investigations for the development of poultry feed by studying the excreta thermal properties are suitable. This alternative technique is simple, reliable and less time‐consuming for distinguishing the differences in nutritional response of reared animals (Kanghae et al., ; Wattanakul et al., ). This non‐invasive approach is also appropriate for use in other species without ethical concerns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Digestible (low temperature) and indigestible (high temperature) elements after digestion and absorption were monitored by the thermal properties of the excreta (Kanghae et al., ; Wattanakul, Thongprajukaew, Songnui, Satjarak, & Kanghae, ). Fresh broiler excreta ( n = 5 per treatment) was collected from trays during the last 3 days prior to the end of the experiment.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fresh broiler excreta (n = 5 per treatment) was collected from trays during the last 3 days prior to the end of the experiment. The thermal properties of the excreta were determined according to the method described by Wattanakul et al (2017) with slight modifications. A three-milligram sample was placed in an aluminium pan, sealed, allowed to equilibrate at room temperature and then heated from 20 to 500°C at a rate of 10°C/min, against an empty reference pan.…”

Section: Excreta Thermal Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of organic acids or probiotics alone or in combination on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, enzyme activities, intestinal morphology and gut microflora in broiler chickens

Rodjan

Soisuwan

Animal Physiology Nutrition

et al. 2017

A feeding trial was conducted to determine the effect of organic acids or probiotics alone or in combination on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, enzyme activity, intestinal morphology and gut microflora in broiler chickens (Ross308). A completely randomized design was used, with 1,440 broiler chicks across four treatments and five replications of 72 chicks each. The chicks in the control treatment were fed on a control diet (CD), whereas for the other treatment groups, the CD was supplemented with 0.2 g/kg organic acids (CDOA), probiotics (CDP) or a combination of organic acids and probiotics (CDOAP). All the chicks were fed ad libitum during the feeding trial throughout 35 days. A total of 20 chicks were randomly allotted to individual metabolic cages to measure the nutrient digestibility (35-42 days) and the digestive enzyme activities (42 days). The intestinal morphology and gut microflora of 80 chicks were examined at the end of experiment. There were no significant (p > .05) differences in the feed intake, body weight gain or feed conversion ratio of the chicks across the four dietary treatments. The crude fibre digestibility was significantly increased in chicks fed on CDOA or CDOAP relative to CD (p < .05). Nutrient utilization, in terms of digestive enzyme activities and excreta thermal property, was unchanged by any supplementation. The chicks fed on the CDOAP had significantly higher duodenal villi height and crypt depth than the chicks fed on CDOA (p < .05). This dietary treatment dramatically improved gut microflora by decreasing the population of Escherichia coli and increasing the Lactobacillus spp.:E. coli ratio. Based on our investigations, supplementation of organic acids and probiotics in chick diets can increase the ability to digest crude fibre and villus height and decrease intestinal E. coli without impairing growth performance.