Pre-service Chemistry Teachers’ Views about the Tentative and Durable Nature of Scientific Knowledge

Abstract

With regard to current controversial public discussions about the credibility of scientific knowledge, it seems particularly important that students possess adequate ideas about the tentativeness of scientific knowledge, which is a key aspect of nature of science. However, international studies show that many pre-service science teachers tend to have naïve conceptions about the tentativeness and these conceptions turn out to be resistant to change. So far, no research was done, on the conceptions of German pre-service chemistry teachers about tentativeness. Therefore, two empirical, qualitative research studies were conducted. The first study with 50 participants was to investigate, which conceptions about tentativeness German pre-service chemistry teachers possess, what the origins of these conceptions are and if they are resistant to change. In a second study with 56 participants, it was examined how a more adequate and functional understanding could be promoted. Data were collected by using different methods, such as open-ended questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The participants’ views about tentativeness were assigned to different categories. Results show that most participants held inconsistent or only partially informed views on tentativeness. The views turn out to be resistant to change, and many participants are not able to explain their ideas. And if so, their explanations are mostly restricted to scientific theories. Additionally, dealing with tentativeness unsettles some participants. To promote an adequate understanding, new approaches were developed, like the BlackTube activity. Additionally, instructions should focus on the durability of scientific knowledge. Furthermore, a differentiated reflection on different types of scientific knowledge seems necessary.

Enhancing Students’ Nature of Science Using STEM Engineering Design Process in Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures Topic

“…Other things that can be considered: The students believed that the tentativeness of scientific knowledge was mainly due to the discovery of new facts and evidence (Rai, 2017). Similar findings was reported by researchers in other countries (Mueller & Reiners, 2023) . Meanwhile, the control class, which experienced a decline in post-test results, shows that most students still do not understand the issues presented in the questionnaire.…”

Hakikat Sains (Nature of Science) Dan Peran Pentingnya Dalam Pembelajaran Ipa

“…Namun demikian, suatu pengetahuan ilmiah sangat kecil kemungkinannya untuk akhirnya dapat diverifikasi secara sempurna dan tidak mengalami perubahan karena keterbatasan manusia dalam melakukan pengujian secara empiris setiap aspek keilmuan (Popper, 1963). Oleh karena itu akan selalu ada kemungkinan untuk menyangkal pengetahuan yang telah ada, dan prinsip tentativeness adalah karakteristik utama dari pengetahuan ilmiah (Mueller & Reiners, 2022).…”