Pre‐sacral carcinoid tumour

Sacrococcygeal Teratoma in Adult Female: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

“…Though, the patient had history of grossly similar mass excised from the same site, histologic evidence showed a benign tumor in in this subsequent mass at same site. This is not unusual, as it is known that mature teratomas excised early in life may recur in adulthood in the form of microscopically similar neoplasm 13 .However, the recurrence in adulthood can also be as a malignant giant cell tumor( such as yolk sac tumor) 14 or a somatic type malignant tumor (such as adenocarcinoma) 15 .The tumour may grow posterior-inferiorly into the gluteal area fig 3 and or inferior-superiorly into the abdomino-pelvic cavity 4 as was demonstrated in this index case fig1&3 . There is a tendency of the tumor of becoming malignant with advancing age 16 .…”

Ghrelin-Producing Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumor (Carcinoid) of Tailgut Cyst. Morphological, Immunohistochemical, Ultrastructural, and RT-PCR Study of a Case and Review of the Literature

“…Such primary presacral carcinoids are extremely rare, accounting for only 27 cases described in the literature ( Table 2). Most of them were found to arise in tailgut cysts [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], some in sacrococcygeal teratomas [22][23][24][25], while others did not seem to be associated with specific locoregional lesions [5,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. It is interesting to consider that, in some cases reported as teratoma-associated carcinoids, the diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma was based on only CT and MR imaging, so the presence of a tailgut cyst could not have been completely excluded because there was no adequate pathological examination [24].…”

“…Back and pelvic pain and constipation are the most common symptoms at presentation. Although limited information about the clinical evolution is available for older cases, the presence of metastases at the time of diagnosis has been described in four cases [14,[22][23][24], while local bone infiltration was detected in six cases [25,26,28,[30][31][32]. Three patients with local disease at the time of diagnosis showed metastatic spread during follow-up observation [5,10,12].…”

Aspiration cytology and core biopsy of a carcinoid tumor arising in a retrorectal cyst: A case report

“…6 Primary carcinoid tumors of the retrorectal space are rare and are frequently associated with retrorectal cysts or tailgut cysts (retrorectal cystic hamartoma). 2,[7][8][9][10] This association is postulated to result from neuroendocrine cells present within the glandular epithelial lining of a tailgut cyst or from neuroendocrine cells within hindgut remnants. Most of the previously described carcinoids have been of the trabecular type, a pattern commonly seen in rectal carcinoids (i.e., another hindgut derivative).…”

“…To the best of our knowledge, only 9 cases of a primary carcinoid tumor involving the retrorectal space have been reported in the world literature, and 5 of these cases were associated with tailgut cysts (retrorectal cystic hamartomas). 2,[7][8][9][10] Our case is unique, in that the diagnosis of carcinoid tumor arising in association with a retrorectal cyst was first made on fine-needle aspiration and core biopsy of the mass. In conclusion, a fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of a carcinoid arising in a retrorectal cyst is possible in the setting of consistent clinical, radiographic, and cytological findings.…”