Pre-operative and anaesthesia-related risk factors for mortality in equine colic cases

Proudman, C. J.; Dugdale, Alex; Senior, J. M.; Edwards, Glenn S.; SMITH, JEAN C.; Leuwer, Martin; French, Nigel P.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2004.09.005

Cited by 73 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Equine general anaesthesia carries a high risk of mortality or serious morbidity, with the recovery period being a time of particular concern [1][2][3][4][5][6] . In an attempt to identify factors that may be associated with an increased risk of death during and within 7 days of general anaesthesia, a large-scale prospective epidemiological study investigating mortality associated with equine general anaesthesia was conducted 3 .…”

Section: Mortality Associated With General Anaesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adult horses an association between increasing age and risk of perioperative mortality has been reported, with horses older than 14 years being at the most risk [2][3][4] . …”

Section: Mortality Associated With General Anaesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…values for regional cerebral oxygen saturation, recorded from each of the 6 horses during the 8 recording periods……….……………………….50 Equine anaesthesia carries a high risk of mortality or serious morbidity, with the recovery period being a time of particular concern [1][2][3][4][5][6] . Recently, a UK-based enquiry into perioperative equine fatalities identified a mortality rate, defined as death within seven days of general anaesthesia, of 1.9% 3 ; a significantly higher rate than that which is reported in humans (0.008%) 5 or dogs and cats (0.2%) 6 .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Use of near‐infrared spectroscopy to identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in horses

McConnell

Rioja

Bester

et al. 2012

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Reasons for performing study Alterations in cerebral haemodynamics may contribute to perianaesthetic complications in horses. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is frequently used intraoperatively in man to provide information regarding cerebral perfusion. Objectives To determine whether NIRS can identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in horses and whether there is a correlation between rSO2 and venous oxygen tensions. Methods A cerebral oximeter sensor recorded rSO2 from the dorsal sagittal sinus of 6 healthy horses. Values for rSO2, arterial and venous oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions (PaO2, PvO2, PaCO2 and PvCO2 respectively), along with arteriovenous oxygen saturations (SavO2) were recorded in unsedated (recording period [RP] 1), sedated (RP2) and anaesthetised horses (RP3–5) and during recovery (RP6–8). During anaesthesia, horses were ventilated to achieve states of normo‐ (RP3), hyper‐ (RP4) and hypocapnoea (RP5). Data were evaluated descriptively and analysed using linear mixed‐effects models and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results Overall mean ± s.d. values for rSO2, PaO2, PvO2, PaCO2, SavO2 and mean arterial pressure varied significantly by RP (P<0.001). Significant decreases in rSO2 were identified between RP1 and the post anaesthetic periods (P<0.001). No significant differences in rSO2 values were identified between RP1 and the intra‐anaesthesia periods or between RP3, RP4 and RP5. Significant correlations were identified between rSO2 and PaO2 (r = 0.448, P<0.001), rSO2 and PvO2 (r = 0.512, P<0.001) and rSO2 and SavO2 (r = 0.469, P<0.001). Conclusions This is the first study to identify trends in rSO2 in horses using NIRS. A positive correlation was identified between rSO2 and PvO2, suggesting that alterations in cerebral oxygenation may be reflected in PvO2. Potential relevance Near‐infrared spectroscopy may be used to monitor trends in rSO2 during equine anaesthesia. Decreasing rSO2 values may act as an early warning signal, alerting clinicians to potential cerebral desaturation events and indicating a need for intervention.

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Section: Mortality Associated With General Anaesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In adult horses an association between increasing age and risk of perioperative mortality has been reported, with horses older than 14 years being at the most risk [2][3][4] . …”

Section: Mortality Associated With General Anaesthesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Use of near‐infrared spectroscopy to identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in horses

McConnell

Rioja

Bester

et al. 2012

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Mortality rate for horses that have undergone surgery with general anaesthesia varies from 0.68% to 8% (Lievens, 2001;Proudman et al, 2006). Various factors related to the operation, like the treated disease, the type of operation, the choice of anaesthetic agents and the intervention/ anaesthesia duration, influence the mortality rate (Johnston et al, 2004;Proudman et al, 2006).…”

Section: Pain Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various factors related to the operation, like the treated disease, the type of operation, the choice of anaesthetic agents and the intervention/ anaesthesia duration, influence the mortality rate (Johnston et al, 2004;Proudman et al, 2006). Health status, age and breed (in relation with the horses' size) of the anaesthetised animal also influence the mortality rate (Proudman et al, 2006). In addition to increased mortality risks, general anaesthesia may also produce post-operative complications, rating between 6% and 15% (Lievens, 2001;Mason et al, 2005), as for instance neuropathies, myopathy, temporary blindness or post-anaesthetic colic (Lievens, 2001;Joubert et al, 2005).…”

Section: Pain Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tail docking in horses: a review of the issues

Lefebvre¹,

Lips

Ödberg

et al. 2007

Animal

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Routinely performed painful procedures are of increasing interest and, in 2001 (Royal Order, May 17), Belgium prohibited docking in several vertebrates including horses. In 2004, opponents to this decision submitted a Bill (Doc51 0969/001) to Parliament, intending to obtain derogation for Belgian draught horses, which were traditionally docked. The Animal Welfare Council of Belgium, an official body advising the Minister of Public Health, was asked to evaluate this complex question, including biological, ethical and socio-economic aspects, on the basis of the available peer-reviewed studies. In this context, this study reviews legal aspects (overview of the European legislation), zootechnic aspects (uses of the Belgian draught horse) and biological aspects (pain potentially related to docking; horses’ welfare linked to insect harassment and hygiene, communication and reproduction) of tail docking in draught horses. We conclude that (1) there is no benefit for horses in tail docking, including Belgian draught horses, (2) potential advantages of docking are essentially in favour of humans and these advantages could be scrupulously re-evaluated, taking into account practices of other countries. Therefore, there is no need to dock any horse other than for veterinary reasons.

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Prognosticating Equine Colic

White

2017

The Equine Acute Abdomen

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Pre-operative and anaesthesia-related risk factors for mortality in equine colic cases

Cited by 73 publications

References 33 publications

Use of near‐infrared spectroscopy to identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in horses

Use of near‐infrared spectroscopy to identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in horses

Tail docking in horses: a review of the issues

Prognosticating Equine Colic

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