Pre-Leukaemie Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia

Kumar, Shaji; Bhargava, Manorama

doi:10.1159/000208710

Cited by 15 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Possible preleukemic marrow aplasia [4,15,31] has been described as well as preleukemic hyperplasia [15,22]. However, the comments re garding marrow cellularity may be tentative in some of the previous studies since bone marrow sections were not studied in all these cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regenerative Anemia with Hypercellular Sideroblastic Marrow

Reizenstein¹,

Lagerlöf²

1972

Acta Haematol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

23 patients with aregenerative anemia from the hematology section at the Karolinska Hospital were followed. The patients were divided into 3 groups; those with a hypocellular marrow, those with a hypercellular marrow and those with marrow fibrosis. Mostof the patients with hypocellular marrow had granulocytopenia, but no thrombocytopenia, and they did not develop leukemia. The group of patients with hypercellular marrow had no granulocytopenia, but thrombocytopenia and sideroblastosis, and they often developed leukemia. It seems justified to look upon aregenerative anemia with hypercellular marrow and sideroblastosis as a preleukemic state. The change in cellular metabolism (sideroblastosis, possible prolongation of generation time) preceded the leukemia by several years, but the cellular differentiation appeared normal prior to leukemia development. The sideroblastosis may be related to the early changes in iron metabolism previously demonstrated in cancer patients.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A regenerative Anemia with Hypercellular Sideroblastic Marrow

Reizenstein¹,

Lagerlöf²

1972

Acta Haematol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Hemorrhage may precede the overt clinical diagnosis of leukemia by several months; this is frequently noted in acute leukemias. [49][50][51][52] Petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses are the most common prediagnostic manifestations and petechiae, purpura, ecchymoses, or other less commonly noted sites of hemorrhage are present in about 40 to 70% of patients with acute leukemia at the time of diagnosis. 5,[53][54][55] The most prevalent sites of hemorrhage in patients with acute leukemia are the skin, eye, and mucosal membranes, including epistaxis, gingival bleeding, and gastrointestinal bleeding; 5,50,51 however, retinal bleeding can be found in about 15% of patients at presentation and in 50% of patients with acute leukemia as the disease progresses.…”

Section: Hemorrhage Leukemiasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coagulation Abnormalities in Malignancy: A Review

Bick¹

1992

Semin Thromb Hemost

216

150

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As outlined in this review, patients with cancer may harbor many alterations of hemostasis. These are multifaceted and must be taken into account when trying to control hemorrhage or thrombosis in cancer patients. Often, hemorrhage or thrombosis is the final fatal event in many patients with metastatic solid tumor or hematologic malignancies. Patients with malignancy present a major clinical challenge in this new era of oncologic awareness and more aggressive care, which has led to prolonged survival for patients and a longer time frame during which these complications may develop. Therefore, these complications are occurring more commonly. It is important to realize that these alterations of hemostasis exist and must be approached in a sequential and logical manner with respect to diagnosis; only in this way can responsible, efficacious, and rational therapy be delivered to patients. By far the most common alteration of hemostasis in malignancy is that of hemorrhage associated with thrombocytopenia, either drug-induced, radiation-induced, or from bone marrow invasion. However, hemorrhage resulting from DIC is also quite common and may present as hemorrhage, thrombosis, thromboembolus, or any combination thereof. Many antineoplastic drugs and radiation therapy may lead to or significantly enhance hemorrhage in patients with malignancy. Thrombosis, also commonly seen in patients with malignancy, is often a manifestation of low-grade DIC, conspicuous as an intravascular thrombotic or thromboembolic event instead of an intravascular proteolytic (hemorrhagic) event. When suspecting this, confirmatory laboratory evidence must be sought and the patient treated appropriately. When approaching the patient with malignancy and either hemorrhage or thrombosis, all the potential defects in hemostasis must be taken into account, defined from the laboratory standpoint, and treated in as precise and logical manner as possible.

show abstract

“…Historically, these disorders were recognized as anemias that were "refractory" to treatment [3][4][5][6] or as "preleukemia" in patients who subsequently developed AML [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. While the French-American-British classification system for MDS recognized a distinction between AML and MDS as early as 1982 [14], the concept of preleukemia remains [15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced growth of myelodysplastic colonies in hypoxic conditions

Thompson

Conlon

Yang

et al. 2007

Experimental Hematology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective-To determine the response of bone marrow progenitor cells from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) to culture in physiologic oxygen tension.Methods-Methylcellulose progenitor assays using both unfractionated bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNCs) and purified CD34 + progenitors were performed in atmospheric oxygen (18.6% O 2 ) or one of two levels of hypoxia (1% and 3% O 2 ). Assays were performed using normal donor marrow, MDS patient marrow, acute myelogenous leukemia marrow or peripheral blood blasts, chronic phase chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) marrow MNCs, and blast crisis CML peripheral blood.Results-The majority of MDS samples showed decreased colony-forming units (CFU) in 18.6% O 2 compared to normal controls, as expected. However, in either 1% or 3% O 2 , 9 of 13 MDS samples demonstrated augmentation of CFUs beyond that observed in normal controls, with 6 of 13 demonstrating a greater than ninefold augmentation. This effect is cell autonomous, as it persisted after purification of CD34 + progenitor cells. Additionally, the augmented response to physiologic oxygen tension is specific to MDS, as it was not observed in either acute or chronic myelogenous leukemia samples.Conclusion-These results suggest that the reported decrease in MDS CFUs reflects greater sensitivity of MDS progenitors or their progeny to the nonphysiologic oxygen tensions routinely used in vitro, rather than a true decrease in progenitor frequency. Importantly, these experiments for the first time describe an experimental system that can be used to study the growth of primary cells from patients with MDS.Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a diverse group of hematopoietic disorders characterized by persistent cytopenias and a variable rate of progression to acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) [1,2]. Historically, these disorders were recognized as anemias that were "refractory" to treatment [3][4][5][6] or as "preleukemia" in patients who subsequently developed AML [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. While the French-American-British classification system for MDS recognized a distinction between AML and MDS as early as 1982 [14], the concept of preleukemia remains [15][16][17][18][19]. Recent work has detailed the biologic distinctions between MDS and de novo AML [20], but the historical focus on leukemic biology continues to influence studies of these poorly understood disorders [21][22][23]. Although a number of hypotheses based upon the preleukemia paradigm have been explored [24][25][26][27] The absence of a coherent mechanistic explanation for these disorders has prompted us to reexamine the assumptions behind current models of MDS [21][22][23]. The marrow of MDS patients consistently demonstrates decreased hematopoietic progenitor colonies [29][30][31][32][33][34] as well as enhanced levels of apoptosis [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47]. These two findings are felt to explain the paradox of a hypercellular bone marrow with profound peripheral cytopenias observed in MDS patients [48] and sugges...

show abstract

Pre-Leukaemie Acute Myelogenous Leukaemia

Cited by 15 publications

References 4 publications

A regenerative Anemia with Hypercellular Sideroblastic Marrow

A regenerative Anemia with Hypercellular Sideroblastic Marrow

Coagulation Abnormalities in Malignancy: A Review

Enhanced growth of myelodysplastic colonies in hypoxic conditions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About