Pre-Himalayan crustal growth in the Indian plate: Implications from U-Pb dating, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic systematics

Mughal, Muhammad Saleem; Chen, Feng; Hussain, Aftab; Rehman, Hafiz Ur; Du, Dingding; Hameed, Fazal

doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2022.106920

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The Early Paleozoic felsic magmatism is also exposed in Pakistan (483–476 Ma, Ogasawara et al 2019; ca. 459 Ma, Mughal et al 2022) and in the Garhwal, NW India (495–490 Ma, Imayama et al 2023; ca. 512 Ma, Sen et al 2021), which are considered as S-type and A-type, respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The origin of the ultrahigh-pressure Tso Morari complex, NW Himalaya: implication for early Paleozoic rifting

Imayama,

Dutta,

2023

Geol. Mag.

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The origins and age distribution of the Himalayan high-pressure (HP) and ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks are critical for understanding the pre-Himalayan history. Although the protoliths to the UHP Tso Morari eclogites in Ladakh, NW Himalaya are believed to be the Permian Panjal volcanics, the geochronological evidence is absent. Here, we demonstrate that the protoliths of the UHP Tso Morari Complex formed in a continental rift setting at the Indian margin associated with the northern East Gondwana during the Early Paleozoic. Zircon U–Pb dates from eight gneisses and one garnet amphibolite indicate the Early Paleozoic bimodal magmatism of 493–476 Ma, which could be associated with the separation of South China from North India. Except for arc-related eclogites found in the Nidar ophiolite, the eclogites and amphibolites are rift-related, exhibiting enriched light rare earth elements and high concentrations of incompatible elements, along with evidence for crustal contamination. Our findings support the previously reported diversity in the sources and ages of the protoliths of the Himalayan HP–UHP metamorphic rocks along the orogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The origin of the ultrahigh-pressure Tso Morari complex, NW Himalaya: implication for early Paleozoic rifting

Imayama,

Dutta,

2023

Geol. Mag.

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“…Latif (1970); A. Latif et al (2008); Mughal et al, 2022;Nasir et al (2004); Pêcher et al (2002); Schneider et al (1999); Searle and Khan (1996) and references therein. The profile A-A 0 has been selected across the different geological units for gravity modelling.…”

Section: Geological Setting Of the Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geological map of the study area compiled after Afridi and Hussain (2010); Akhtar et al (2004); Calkins et al (1975); Chaudhry et al (1997); DiPietro et al (2008); Edwards et al (2000); Fontan et al (2000); Greco and Spencer (1993); Hussain, Mughal et al (2004); Hussain, DiPietro, et al (2004); Iqbal et al (2004); M. A. Latif (1970); A. Latif et al (2008); Mughal et al, 2022; Nasir et al (2004); Pêcher et al (2002); Schneider et al (1999); Searle and Khan (1996) and references therein. The profile A‐A′ has been selected across the different geological units for gravity modelling.…”

Section: Geological Setting Of the Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Crustal study based on integrated geophysical techniques in the Northwestern Himalayas, Pakistan

2023

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The present research aims to explicate the tectonics of the northwest Himalayas, Pakistan, based on integrated gravity, magnetic and earthquake data. The raw gravity and magnetic data were processed, and seven isoanomaly maps were prepared for qualitative interpretation, whereas a gravity model was prepared along the selected profile for quantitative interpretation. The local earthquake data have also been used to identify the various seismogenic layers in the subsurface and to understand how seismicity relates to regional structural features. Three northwest-trending thickskinned blind basement faults are identified from the present study, namely the Indus Kohistan Seismic Zone (IKSZ), Bagh Basement Fault and Hazara Lower Seismic Zone. The IKSZ is the tectonically most active among them and responsible for the 2005 Kashmir earthquake (Mw = 7.6) and 1974 Pattan earthquake (Mw = 6.2) in the region. The present study also delineated the prominent location of the Main Central Thrust in which the high-grade metamorphic rocks of Higher Himalayan Crystalline thrust over low-grade metamorphic rocks of Lesser Himalayas along this thickskinned fault. The field evidence such as ductile deformation, zone of inverted metamorphism, and brittle deformation also confirm this location. The sharp bending of the crystalline crust, as well as deep basement just south of Kohistan Island Arc (KIA), indicate that the high density and susceptibility rocks of this arc thrust on the leading margin of the Indian Plate along the Main Mantle Thrust. This thrust fault is a major suture zone separating the KIA in the north from the Indian Plate in the south. The other faults in the region exist in the sedimentary/meta-sedimentary wedge and are thin-skinned. It is inferred from the current investigation that the study area exhibits a composite style of deformation. Moreover, the gravity model combined with earthquake data suggested the existence of multiple décollement zones below the Hazara-Kashmir Syntaxis. The model envisaged an increase in the thickness of the Indian Plate continental crust in the northeast direction.

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The Cambrian sedimentology and reservoir properties of the hybrid Abbottabad Formation in the Kotli area, Sub-Himalaya, Pakistan: insights into the Proto-Tethys paleoenvironment

Ali,

Lashari,

Sahito

et al. 2024

Carbonates Evaporites

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Pre-Himalayan crustal growth in the Indian plate: Implications from U-Pb dating, geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic systematics

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

The origin of the ultrahigh-pressure Tso Morari complex, NW Himalaya: implication for early Paleozoic rifting

The origin of the ultrahigh-pressure Tso Morari complex, NW Himalaya: implication for early Paleozoic rifting

Crustal study based on integrated geophysical techniques in the Northwestern Himalayas, Pakistan

The Cambrian sedimentology and reservoir properties of the hybrid Abbottabad Formation in the Kotli area, Sub-Himalaya, Pakistan: insights into the Proto-Tethys paleoenvironment

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