Pre-Harvest and Post-Harvest Techniques for Plant Disease Detections

Abstract

As the agriculture industry is growing fast, many efforts are introduced to ensure a high quality of produce. Diseases and defects found in plants and crops affect greatly the agriculture industry. Hence, many techniques and technologies have been developed to help solve or reduce the impact of plant diseases. Imagining analysis tools and gas sensors are becoming more frequently integrated into smart systems for plant disease detection. Many disease detection systems incorporate imaging analysis tools and VOC (Volatile Organic Compound) profiling techniques to detect early symptoms of diseases and defects of plants, fruits, and vegetative produce. These disease detection techniques can be further categorized into two main groups: preharvest disease detection and postharvest disease detection techniques. This paper aims to introduce the available disease detection techniques and to compare them with the latest innovative smart systems that feature visible imaging, hyperspectral imaging, and VOC profiling. In addition, this paper considers the efforts to automate imaging techniques to help accelerate the disease detection process. Different approaches are analyzed and compared in terms of work environment, automation, implementation, and accuracy of disease identification along with the future evolution perspective in this field.

Mitigating Global Challenges: Harnessing Green Synthesized Nanomaterials for Sustainable Crop Production Systems

“…These biosensors utilize living organisms or their components such as enzymes or antibodies, to identify specific pathogens or disease indicators accurately [116][117][118] to detect specific pathogens or pathogen-induced changes in plants. [119][120][121][122] Green biosensors offer several advantages over conventional methods, including rapid detection, high sensitivity, cost-effectiveness, and portability. Biosensors have emerged as valuable tools for plant disease detection due to their sensitivity, specificity, and rapid response.…”

“…Furthermore, green biosensors are user-friendly and do not require specialized training or equipment, allowing farmers with limited resources to benefit from their use. [119,123,133] However, green biosensors also have certain limitations. One major drawback is their specificity since some biosensors may not accurately differentiate between different pathogens or strains of the same pathogen.…”