Pre-COVID-19 Immunity to Common Cold Human Coronaviruses Induces a Recall-Type IgG Response to SARS-CoV-2 Antigens Without Cross-Neutralisation

Miyara, Makoto; Saichi, Melissa; Sterlin, Delphine; Anna, François; Marot, Stéphane; Mathian, Alexis; Atif, Mo; Quentric, Paul; Mohr, Audrey; Parizot, Christophe; Dorgham, Karim; Yssel, Hans; Fadlallah, Jehane; Chazal, Thibaut; Haroche, Julien; Luyt, Charles‐Édouard; Mayaux, Julien; Beurton, Alexandra; Benameur, Neïla; Boutolleau, David; Burrel, Sonia; Alba, Sophia de; Mudumba, Sasi; Hockett, Rick; Gunn, Cary; Charneau, Pierre; Cálvez, Vincent; Marcelin, Anne‐Geneviève; Demoule, Alexandre; Amoura, Zahir; Gorochov, Guy

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.790334

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The presence of IgM and IgA antibodies without IgG in 13.6% of our samples is likely the result of cross-reactivity in our assays with seasonal coronavirus strains. 22,23 Our finding that most seropositive participants exhibited IgG antibodies alone suggests that they had likely contracted SARS-CoV-2 weeks, if not months, before the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among obstetric patients in Ottawa, Canada: a descriptive study

Fakhraei

Erwin

Alibhai

et al. 2022

cmajo

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T he onset of the COVID-19 pandemic saw the widespread implementation of policies in clinical care settings to protect vulnerable patient populations. 1 Among these populations are obstetric patients, who are at increased risk for severe complications related to COVID-19, including admission to hospital and to the intensive care unit. 2 Pregnant individuals require regular and frequent access to health care services and most are ultimately admitted to the hospital for delivery. 3 Temporary adoption of universal COVID-19 screening and testing approaches in some obstetric departments provided important insight for local hospital administrators and public health authorities on the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in obstetric patients. Early estimates of SARS-CoV-2 prevalence among pregnant individuals are highly variable, ranging from 0.012% to 37%. 4,5 Variability in these estimates reflects differences in population density across settings, socioeconomic composition, available technology for laboratory testing, timing and duration of testing programs, and local community infection rates. 6 Furthermore, cautious and appropriate interpretation of serologic assays are necessary when estimating seroprevalence, given the emerging evidence on serologic cross-reactivity and antibody decay, 7,8 particularly in populations with low levels of exposure. 9

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among obstetric patients in Ottawa, Canada: a descriptive study

Fakhraei

Erwin

Alibhai

et al. 2022

cmajo

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“…29 Several other studies have also reported the presence of cross-reactive antibodies in naïve or pre-COVID samples. [30][31][32][33] While several studies have assessed antibody variations in HCWs, few have investigated the association of sociodemographic factors. In a 10-month study of HCWs, IgG response was detected up to 10 months postvaccination.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent study identified a total of 15 such SARS‐CoV‐2 spike protein epitopes that cross‐react with antibodies generated against various acute and chronic viral antigens 29 . Several other studies have also reported the presence of cross‐reactive antibodies in naïve or pre‐COVID samples 30–33 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethno‐demographic disparities in humoral responses to the COVID‐19 vaccine among healthcare workers

Ahluwalia,

Vashisht,

Singh

et al. 2023

Journal of Medical Virology

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The COVID‐19 pandemic had a profound impact on global health, but rapid vaccine administration resulted in a significant decline in morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. In this study, we sought to explore the temporal changes in the humoral immune response against SARS‐CoV‐2 healthcare workers (HCWs) in Augusta, GA, USA, and investigate any potential associations with ethno‐demographic features. Specifically, we aimed to compare the naturally infected individuals with naïve individuals to understand the immune response dynamics after SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination. A total of 290 HCWs were included and assessed prospectively in this study. COVID status was determined using a saliva‐based COVID assay. Neutralizing antibody (NAb) levels were quantified using a chemiluminescent immunoassay system, and IgG levels were measured using an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. We examined the changes in antibody levels among participants using different statistical tests including logistic regression and multiple correspondence analysis. Our findings revealed a significant decline in NAb and IgG levels at 8−12 months postvaccination. Furthermore, a multivariable analysis indicated that this decline was more pronounced in White HCWs (odds ratio [OR] = 2.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07−4.08, p = 0.02) and IgG (OR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.04−4.11, p = 0.03) among the whole cohort. Booster doses significantly increased IgG and NAb levels, while a decline in antibody levels was observed in participants without booster doses at 12 months postvaccination. Our results highlight the importance of understanding the dynamics of immune response and the potential influence of demographic factors on waning immunity to SARS‐CoV‐2. In addition, our findings emphasize the value of booster doses to ensure durable immunity.

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“…Some data showed that the pre-existing antibodies response in un-infected populations, especially in children and teenagers exhibited specific neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 ( 14 ), and high levels of pre-existing immune responses against LPH-CoVs were associated with mitigating the disease severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ( 15 – 17 ) or reduced the duration of symptom ( 18 ). Yet, other studies suggested a lack of SARS-CoV-2 cross-neutralization activity although antigen-specific antibodies response was detected from pre-pandemic serum samples of SARS-CoV-2 ( 11 , 19 , 20 ). These conclusions vary greatly in different cohorts which commonly include adults, and the cross-reactive antibodies against SRAS-CoV-2 in children with pre-existing LPH-CoVs humoral immunity need to be elucidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Pre-existing humoral immunity to low pathogenic human coronaviruses exhibits limited cross-reactive antibodies response against SARS-CoV-2 in children

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes asymptomatic or mild symptoms, even rare hospitalization in children. A major concern is whether the pre-existing antibodies induced by low pathogenic human coronaviruses (LPH-CoVs) in children can cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. To address this unresolved question, we analyzed the pre-existing spike (S)-specific immunoglobin (Ig) G antibodies against LPH-CoVs and the cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in 658 serum samples collected from children prior to SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. We found that the seroprevalence of these four LPH-CoVs reached 75.84%, and about 24.64% of the seropositive samples had cross-reactive IgG antibodies against the nucleocapsid, S, and receptor binding domain antigens of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, the re-infections with different LPH-CoVs occurred frequently in children and tended to increase the cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. From the forty-nine serum samples with cross-reactive anti-S IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, we found that seven samples with a median age of 1.4 years old had detected neutralizing activity for the wild-type or mutant SARS-CoV-2 S pseudotypes. Interestingly, all of the seven samples contained anti-S IgG antibodies against HCoV-OC43. Together, these data suggest that children’s pre-existing antibodies to LPH-CoVs have limited cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies against SRAS-CoV-2.

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Pre-COVID-19 Immunity to Common Cold Human Coronaviruses Induces a Recall-Type IgG Response to SARS-CoV-2 Antigens Without Cross-Neutralisation

Cited by 14 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among obstetric patients in Ottawa, Canada: a descriptive study

Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among obstetric patients in Ottawa, Canada: a descriptive study

Ethno‐demographic disparities in humoral responses to the COVID‐19 vaccine among healthcare workers

Pre-existing humoral immunity to low pathogenic human coronaviruses exhibits limited cross-reactive antibodies response against SARS-CoV-2 in children

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