Pre‐concentration of trace amount of bisphenol A in water samples by palm leaf ash and determination with high‐performance liquid chromatography

Abstract

Palm leaf ash was characterized and used as low-cost adsorbent for solid-phase extraction and preconcentration of bisphenol A (BPA) in real water samples. Analysis of BPA was carried out using HPLC involving Eurospher 100-5-C18 (25 cm × 4.5 mm, particle size 5 μm) column and water-acetonitrile (40:60, v/v) as mobile phase. The adsorption was achieved quantitatively at a pH of 6 with elution by 3 mL acetonitrile. The limits of detection and enrichment factor were 0.02 μg L(-1) and 333, respectively. Under optimum conditions the relative standard deviation (RSD) was 2% (n = 10). Comparison of qualification criteria of presented preconcentration procedure with other research indicated that palm leaf ash adsorbent was better than many of the adsorbents in terms of cost and reusability. Also, the limit of detection, precision and enrichment factor were comparable and even better than the previously reported methods. Finally, the efficiency of method was computed by determination of trace amounts of BPA in sea, river, mineral and tap waters with recoveries of 93.3-105.5% and RSDs of 0.61-3.12%.. Briefly, the developed solid-phase extraction and Preparative layer chromatography (PLC) methods may be used for bisphenol A monitoring in any environmental water sample. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Synthesis and characterization of pH‐responsive deep eutectic solvent followed by HPLC for trace determination of bisphenol A in water samples

“…Determination of BPA in water samples by LPME–pH‐responsive DES combined with HPLC–UV was compared with other methods, including molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticle‐dispersive solid‐phase extraction−spectrophotometric detection [4], solid‐phase extraction–liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (SPE–LC–MS) [5], online SPE‐ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography‐diode array detection [7], molecularly imprinted magnetic nanoparticle‐dispersive solid‐phase extraction combined with HPLC–UV [12], solid‐phase extraction based on palm leaf ash–HPLC–UV [14], vortex‐assisted (VA) liquid–liquid microextraction followed by HPLC–FL [15], CPE‐capillary zone electrophorese [22], and DLLME followed by HPLC–UV [24] and LPME–GC–MS [40], and important data, such as sample volume, LOD, LR, relative standard deviation percentage (RSD%), and extraction time, are summarized in Table 3. As can be seen in Table 3, the LOD of this method is better than other methods, except for two cases where MS detector is used.…”

“…Analytical instruments including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) [13] and high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) combined with ultraviolet (UV) [14], fluorescence (FL) [15], and MS detection [16] have been reported for the analysis of BPA in various samples. HPLC is simpler than GC, has no temperature limitations, and does not require derivatization.…”

Freshwater Snail Distribution Related to Physicochemical Parameters and Aquatic Macrophytes in Giza and Kafr El-Shiekh Governorates, Egypt

“…An Ascentis Express C18 column (5 cm × 4.5 mm, particle size: 5 μm) from Berlin (Germany) was utilized to obtain a fast HPLC analysis at 35 ºC. The mobile phase was water/acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) and it was delivered with a fl ow rate of 1 mL/min at room temperature and pressure was 3268 psi (225 bars) [20].…”