Pre-2014 mudslides at Oso revealed by InSAR and multi-source DEM analysis

Kim, Jin‐Woo; Lü, Zhong; Qu, Feifei; Hu, Xie

doi:10.1080/19475705.2015.1016556

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…During a site visit only 2 months after the 2014 landslide, a significant amount of these sandy outwash deposits had already been eroded by the Stillaguamish River. This explains the lack of a significant portion of the ancient slide mass ( 1937, 1951, 1952, 1967, 1988, and 2006 landslides assembled by the Seattle Times (2016), Kim et al (2015), and Sun et al (2015) show only the lower portion of the slope was involved and these landslides involved only the advanced glaciolacustrine clay deposit. These landslides in the lower portion of the slope removed some of the Ancient Landslide Bench but there was still sufficient width of the bench to support the overlying Whitman Bench until after the 2006 landslide.…”

Section: Landslide Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study: Oso, Washington, Landslide of March 22, 2014—Material Properties and Failure Mechanism

Stark

Baghdady

Hungr

et al. 2017

J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng.

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This paper describes investigation, testing, analysis, and slope history used to determine the two-phase failure mechanism involved in the 2014 landslide near Oso, Washington. The first phase involves a slide mass located above the frequent landslides in the lower portion of the slope and extends to near the slope crest. This slide mass had a large potential energy, which moved downslope, and pushed the water-filled colluvium that had accumulated along the slope toe across the valley, resulting in it flowing almost 1.5 km. Evacuation of the Phase I slide mass left the upper portion of the slope unbuttressed and oversteepened, causing a second landslide (Phase II) but it primarily remained on the source slope because the back edge of the Phase I slide mass prevented further movement and the dense and unsaturated upper soils did not undergo a significant strength loss like the water-filled colluvium.

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Section: Landslide Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study: Oso, Washington, Landslide of March 22, 2014—Material Properties and Failure Mechanism

Stark

Baghdady

Hungr

et al. 2017

J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng.

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“…We are able to quantify these parameters in the lower~600-m long toe section of the Slumgullion. The landslide materials are mainly composed of fine-grained materials that exhibit plastic and viscoplastic behavior (e.g., Keefer & Johnson, 1983;Varnes & Savage, 1996). The slide is mostly saturated, and the average density of the saturated samples at the Slumgullion is~1.47 × 10 3 kg/m 3 (Schulz, Kean, & Wang, 2009).…”

Section: Kinematics and Mechanics At The Advancing Toementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) is a remote sensing approach to measure the regional ground displacement from the phase difference between SAR images collected at different times. InSAR has been widely used in a variety of geological hazards and processes such as landslides, earthquakes, volcanoes, aquifers, mining excavations, land subsidence, and nuclear explosions (e.g., Bürgmann et al, 2000; Handwerger et al, 2019; Hu et al, 2017, Hu et al, 2018; Kim et al, 2015; Lu & Dzurisin, 2014; Schaefer et al, 2017; Shi, Lin, et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2011, 2018). Previous geodetic studies at the Slumgullion landslide focused on quantifying the magnitude of the movements and kinematics of landslide deformation (e.g., Coe et al, 2000; Coe et al, 2003; Delbridge et al, 2016; Fleming et al, 1999; Milillo et al, 2014; Schulz, Kean, & Wang, 2009; Schulz, Mckenna, et al, 2009; Schulz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology of a Debris Slide From the Joint Analysis of UAVSAR and LiDAR Data

Bürgmann

2020

Geophysical Research Letters

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Landslide rheology governs the deformation and flow behavior of sliding masses. As rheology strongly varies as a function of the composition and environment of landslides, a wide range of viscosities have been suggested based on very limited experimental or observational constraints. Here, we introduce a novel method to quantify the landslide rheology from remote sensing data. We focus on an ideal natural laboratory, the Slumgullion landslide, Colorado, which has moved at tens of millimeters per day for centuries. A joint analysis of Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)-derived surface displacements and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) Digital Elevation Model (DEM)-derived landslide thickness at its frontal toe allows us to invert for the intrinsic viscosity (10 9 -10 11.5 Pa·s under different degrees of plasticity) based on the Bingham plastic model. Detailed displacement measurements also elucidate local variations in magnitude and orientation. Our method presents the capability of remote sensing data to understand the rheology of quasi-static debris slides in general.Plain Language Summary Landslides are common geological hazards that may lead to casualties and damage. Landslides also present as a surface process that reshapes mountainous landscapes around the world. The soil and rock materials, water content, and the associated vegetation and organic matter contribute to a variety of landslide mechanical properties and rheology, which characterize the slide/flow approximation of the mass wasting process and thus the landslide speed. To date, the determination of the landslide rheology has mainly relied on analyzing samples in the lab. However, many landslides are inaccessible for sample collection, and the lab environment subject to isolated and small samples can hardly be compared to the intact landslide in nature. Taking advantage of high-resolution airborne remote sensing data sets at the Slumgullion debris slide in Colorado, we extract the landslide surface displacements and topography. Incorporating our observations, we consider a classic model in fluid mechanism to infer the rheological parameters. We also identify the spatiotemporally variable landslide movements. A joint analysis and interdisciplinary approach incorporating remote sensing and basic physics can help us better determine the landslide dynamics and mitigate the risks to humans.

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“…One is characterized by long periods of dormancy followed by abrupt mass movements and runout acceleration accompanying the failure of slopes and/or large slump-blocks. A few massive deep-seated landslides (e.g., 2014 Oso landslide in Washington) during lengthened, heavy rainfalls can be extremely mobile and destructive, causing damages and fatalities at a large scale [11][12][13]. The other landslide category exhibits relatively slow motions along a large hillslope, following visco-elastic or visco-plastic behaviors over a long period of time [14][15][16] or coastal marine erosion on the landslide toe [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Framework for Studying Hydrology-Driven Landslide Hazards in Northwestern US Using Satellite InSAR, Precipitation and Soil Moisture Observations: Early Results and Future Directions

Lü

Kim

2021

GeoHazards

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The mountainous Pacific Northwest is prone to heavy winter rainfall, resulting in hundreds of landslides per year, human casualties, and billions of dollars of property damage. Precipitation is a major hydrologic trigger for landslides in the northwestern US and around the world. This paper reviews existing literature to outline a framework to study the linkage between precipitation and landslide hazards over the northwestern US using satellite remote sensing techniques including interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) methods, Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite precipitation products, and Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) satellite soil moisture data, along with correlation analysis and numerical modeling. InSAR time-series displacements provide an indication of landslide occurrence and extent, and help characterize the basal slip surface and slide-body volume based on the law of mass conservation. Precipitation and soil moisture sensed from the space and ground contribute to creating hydrogeological models associated with water infiltration. These crucial parameters are tracked through correlation and slope stability analysis to understand landslide dynamics. We highlight the results on mapping landslides over the state of Washington and analyses at a few select sites over southern Washington and southwestern Oregon. We conclude that satellite observations of landslide motions and the attributing hydrological variables from both radar and optical images improve our understanding of the inter-relationships between the hydrologic processes along with topographic and geologic settings, and the landslide kinematics and mechanisms inferred from time-series measurements and landslide modeling on a regional scale.

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Pre-2014 mudslides at Oso revealed by InSAR and multi-source DEM analysis

Cited by 16 publications

References 26 publications

Case Study: Oso, Washington, Landslide of March 22, 2014—Material Properties and Failure Mechanism

Case Study: Oso, Washington, Landslide of March 22, 2014—Material Properties and Failure Mechanism

Rheology of a Debris Slide From the Joint Analysis of UAVSAR and LiDAR Data

A Framework for Studying Hydrology-Driven Landslide Hazards in Northwestern US Using Satellite InSAR, Precipitation and Soil Moisture Observations: Early Results and Future Directions

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