Prayer animal release in Taiwan

Severinghaus, Lucia Liu; Li, Chi

doi:10.1016/s0006-3207(98)00155-4

Cited by 78 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…In Canada, live fish are primarily imported from fish farms in the southern United States into the greater Toronto area, and mainly service the local Asian population (Crossman and Cudmore 1999b;Goodchild 1999a). Currently, more than 700,000 kg of live freshwater fish are imported into Ontario annually (Goodchild 1999a), and some live fish might be bought specifically to release for cultural or religious reasons (Severinghaus and Chi 1999). In southeast Asia, carp species are commonly used in prayer release (Severinghaus and Chi 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, more than 700,000 kg of live freshwater fish are imported into Ontario annually (Goodchild 1999a), and some live fish might be bought specifically to release for cultural or religious reasons (Severinghaus and Chi 1999). In southeast Asia, carp species are commonly used in prayer release (Severinghaus and Chi 1999). A live bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) discovered in a fountain pool in downtown Toronto was most likely purchased from a nearby live fish market (Crossman and Cudmore 1999b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Invasion risks posed by the aquarium trade and live fish markets on the Laurentian Great Lakes

et al. 2005

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Abstract. International trade is an important mechanism for global non-indigenous species introductions, which have had profound impacts on the biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems including the Laurentian Great Lakes. The best-documented vector by which non-indigenous species have entered the Great Lakes is ballast water discharged by transoceanic ships. A variety of potential alternative vectors exist, including the intentional release of aquarium or food organisms. To assess whether these vectors pose a significant invasion risk for the Great Lakes, we surveyed fish sold live in markets and fish, mollusks and macrophytes sold in pet and aquarium stores within the Great Lakes watershed. We evaluated invasion risk using information on species' thermal tolerance, history of invasion elsewhere, and potential propagule loads as indicated by frequency of occurrence in shops. Our research suggests that both the aquarium industry and live fish markets represent potential sources of future invaders to the Great Lakes, including several aquarium fishes and macrophytes, as well as Asian carp species sold in fish markets. Currently, few regulatory mechanisms exist to control these potential vectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion risks posed by the aquarium trade and live fish markets on the Laurentian Great Lakes

et al. 2005

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“…1). We focused on organized release events because the ad hoc nature of individual releases makes them virtually impossible to quantify (Severinghaus and Chi 1999); as a result, it is also impossible to compare the impacts of organized versus individual releases of wildlife.…”

Section: Temple Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential for religion to play a positive role in promoting conservation biology is increasingly a topic of global interest (Bhagwat and Palmer 2009, Dudley et al 2009, Hall et al 2009, Bhagwat et al 2011, Jenkins and Chapple 2011; however, the potentially negative influence of religious wildlife releases on biological invasions poses a conservation concern (Severinghaus and Chi 1999, Agoramoorthy and Hsu 2005, Liu et al 2012. The release of wildlife for religious purposes has historically been a traditional practice in many religions of Asian origin (e.g., Buddhism, Taoism) and is especially prevalent in Buddhist doctrine (Agoramoorthy and Hsu 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological knowledge reduces religious release of invasive species

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Globally, ceremonial wildlife release events, originated from the traditions of Buddhism and other Asian religions take place in large numbers every year, and have caused conservation concerns. These releases pose a paradox in that Buddhism is generally considered to have great respect for the environment and a desire to cause no harm to any living being, yet Buddhist wildlife releases have resulted in biological invasions. We explored this paradox by evaluating the release of two highly invasive species (American bullfrogs Lithobates catesbeianus and red-eared slider turtles Trachemys scripta elegans) by 123 Buddhist temples surveyed across four provinces in China and validating survey results with intensive field surveys of release sites. We found that ecological knowledge of invasive species reduced the probability of release; conversely, market availability increased this probability. We suggest that this invasion paradox stems largely from a lack of invasive species knowledge and thus targeted public education about invasive species could be an effective strategy for preventing religious release of invasive species on a global scale.

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“…As far as is known, none of these species was released with the deliberate intention of establishing a wild population. More likely, their establishment in Hong Kong in recent years is a consequence of an increase in the area of suitable forest habitat co-incident with an upsurge in the bird trade from southern China and the increased popularity of releases of birds from temples (Melville & Lau 1994;Severinghaus 1999;Carey et al 2001).…”

Section: Ecological Impacts Of Invasive Bird Species In Hong Kongmentioning

confidence: 99%