Practice, Standards of Care, and Strategies to Prevent Infection: A Review of Flushing Solutions and Injection Caps (Part 3 of a 3-Part Series)

Richardson, Deborah

doi:10.2309/java.12-2-9

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…All NFCs have some fluid movement/reflux either on connection, disconnection or both (16). In this study, we chose to measure the fluid movement for each category of connector around the plunger (6,26). This space between the plunger and outer housing creates a reservoir where fluid is gathered; when the NFC is disconnected from a syringe or IV tubing, fluid movement occurs and is pushed outward, toward the patient (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of reflux in commercially available needle-free IV connectors

2018

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The use of "engineering controls" included the integration of NFCs into the IV access system both for needle safety and for the prevention of central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI) (3-5). NFCs allow for the administration of IV fluids, medications and blood to indwelling venous or arterial catheters without the use of needles. NFCs are also used for the withdrawal of blood samples and for aspiration of blood to check the catheter for patency. While the introduction of NFCs greatly reduced the risk of needle-stick injuries for healthcare workers, their use has been associated with other complications such as an increase in catheter occlusions and CLABSIs (6-11). In response to the increase in CLABSI related to the use of NFCs, medical device companies began designing and developing lower-risk devices (12). Over the past 20 years, 4 categories of NFC designs have emerged (2, 13). While there is no regulatory body that recognizes the categories of NFC as being indicative of function or performance (13), NFCs are typically marketed as being "positive", "negative", "neutral" (6, 12-16) or pressure-activated anti-reflux (9, 13, 17). The characteristics of each category of NFC indicate the mechanism and action of the NFC upon connection/disconnection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative assessment of reflux in commercially available needle-free IV connectors

2018

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“…The Infusion Nurses Society (INS) Standards of Practice recommend that all patients with an LTCVC should change the injection cap every 7 days. 1 However, Kelly and Burnes 2 state that "HPN solution might be expected to support the growth of microorganisms, as opposed to chemotherapeutic agents, which are unlikely to act as culture media." This puts into question if HPN patients should follow the INS guidelines or if injection cap replacement should be done more frequently in this population.…”

Section: -618 How Often Should Home Parenteral Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Katherine Helzer, 1 Nonhealing enterocutaneous fistulas are often very difficult to manage, with mortality rates as high as 25% to 50% reported in the literature. Surgical intervention is one consideration for treatment, but some patients may not be good candidates for surgical closure of the fistula.…”

Section: -500 Refeeding Syndrome: Alive and Well In 2007mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vania Aparecida Leandro-Merhi, PhD, 1 Background: To assess the nutritional status of patients with neoplasias is important for the prevention of malnutrition and planning of nutritional intervention. Objectives: To determine the nutritional profile of patients undergoing chemotherapy in an oncology center.…”

Section: -607 Nutritional Status and Chemotherapy Duration In Patiementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results for an assortment of 14 ages (1,3,6,10,14,19,23,24,27,36,90,141,168, and 202 months) were generated. For each age, data were derived for both sexes, starting with the spreadsheet-calculated median height and weight.…”

Section: -628 Automated Pediatric Growth Chart Spreadsheet Calculatmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2008 Nutrition Practice Posters

2008

Nut in Clin Prac

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use of CVCs for blood drawing took place. Nurses, physicians, laboratory personnel, and the patients themselves received information through a variety of formats, all reinforced by communication from CMO: online programs, pocket cards with procedural reminders, evidence-based e-mail bulletins, and unit-based nursing competencies. The nursing audits functioned not only as a data collection tool but also as a reminder of proper procedures. Results: In the fourth-quarter FY06 group, 37 episodes of blood drawing were reported on 90 CVCs (41.1%). The CRBSI rate was 5.52 per 1000 catheter days. The fourthquarter FY07 group reported 2 episodes of blood drawing on 119 CVCs (1.7%). CRBSI was 2.29 per 1000 catheter days. The data represent a 95.9% decrease in the frequency of CVC blood drawing and a 58.5% decline in CRBSIs during a 12-month period. Conclusions: Little data are available regarding an association between the frequency of blood sampling from CVCs and CRBSI rates. In our experience, a decline in CRBSI rates occurred after staff and patient education succeeded in dropping the frequency of blood drawing from CVCs. These results support the best practice of accessing the catheter hub only when absolutely necessary and suggest that avoiding blood drawing from CVCs can further enhance results achieved by the IHI bundle. A more rigorous scientific investigation on this potentially important issue is warranted.

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Intravenous and intra‐arterial access and infusions

Ho¹,

Barron²,

O'Rourke³

2023

The Great Ormond Street Hospital Manual of Children and Young People's Nursing Practices

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Practice, Standards of Care, and Strategies to Prevent Infection: A Review of Flushing Solutions and Injection Caps (Part 3 of a 3-Part Series)

Abstract: This is Part 3 of a 3-part series and will review flushing solutions and injection caps in addition to practice issues, standards, guidelines, and preventive strategies developed to prevent or decrease infections of central venous catheters.

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Quantitative assessment of reflux in commercially available needle-free IV connectors

Quantitative assessment of reflux in commercially available needle-free IV connectors

2008 Nutrition Practice Posters

Intravenous and intra‐arterial access and infusions

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