Practice patterns in the management of bacterial keratitis: a five-continent survey

A Review of the Categorizations of Mild, Moderate, and Severe Bacterial Keratitis Ulcers and Day-1 Treatment Regimen When Using the Topical Fluoroquinolones 0.3% Ciprofloxacin and 0.3% Ofloxacin

“…In a survey-based study of management practices in BK, 35% of respondents stated that they would carry out a microbiological examination of a mild case of BK (based on a photo of what was defined as mild BK in the survey) and that study reported that cornea specialist ophthalmologists and ophthalmologists working in hospitals were more likely to carry out a microbiological examination. 38 This finding would seem to support the contention that the MIC 90 of the causative organism, rather than any categorization, should dictate the treatment and antibiotic concentrations required. This in turn suggests that if, as is often the case, the MIC 90 of the causative organism is not known, then all cases of BK treated using the 2FQ should be treated equally using the appropriate day-1 drop regimen.…”

“…A survey-based review of antibiotic prescribing for BK on 5 continents presented 2 pictures of what the authors categorized as a mild and a severe case of BK, although no definition was supplied. 38 …”

Predisposing factors, clinical and microbiological insights of bacterial keratitis: analysis of 354 cases from a leading French academic centre

“…Despite the risk of increasing bacterial resistance, fourthgeneration quinolones such as moxifloxacin are now widely used as monotherapy in South America, Africa and Oceania. 16 A randomised comparative study between fourth-generation fluoroquinolones and fortified antibiotics in the treatment of BK showed no differences. 37 However, the resistance rate to quinolones is high in India 38 and increases in the USA.…”

“…This association of three fortified antibiotics is commonly used in France or Europe. 16 Piperacillin or ticarcillin is used for its action against most Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria. Vancomycin is used as a second antibiotic to act against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus and Streptococcus pneumoniae with reduced sensitivity to penicillin.…”